Feed Additived And Growth Promoters

Question 1

Definition of feed additives

Answer 1

Products that improve quality if feed and quality of food from animal origin or to improve animal’s performance and health (e.g. providing enhanced digestibility of the the feed materials)

Question 2

Why do we use feed additives?

Answer 2

• to promote growth, feed utilisation
• to control disease

Question 3

Characteristics of ideal feed addictive

Answer 3

• improve body weight gain and/or feed conversion rate
• must be economical and quickly biodegradable
• must NOT: have adverse effects
• must NOT have therapeutic value in human medicine
• must NOT increase or be involves in transfer of medicine resistance
• must NOT alter normal bacteria in the gut
• must NOT pollute the environment

Question 4

Regulation of feed additives

Answer 4

Reg. no. 1831/2003 on additives for use in animal nutrition
- 1st part: list of modifications to the register and the current authorisations
2 2nd part: list of additives that will be withdrawn in the short term

Question 5

What feed additive categories the regulation covers?

Answer 5

• technological additives - preservatives
• sensory additives - flavourings and colourings
• nutritional additives - vitamins and minerals
• zootechnical additives - used to affect favourably the performance of animals in good health for example enzymes and microorganisms
• coccidiostats and histomonostats

Question 6

What zootechnical additives include?

Answer 6

1. Digestibility enhancers
2. Gut flora stabilisers
3. Substances that f;avoidably affect the environment
4. Other

Question 7

Classification of feed additives and growth promoters

Answer 7

1. Physiological regulators or metabolic modifiers
2. Nutritional/zootechnical feed additives
3. Nutraceuticals

Question 8

1. Physiological regulators or metabolic modifiers. Examples

Answer 8

• hormones (steroids, growth hormone)
• repartitioning agents (beta adrenergic agonists)

Question 9

2. Nutritional/zootechnical feed additives. Examples

Answer 9

• antibiotics
• clay minerals, rumen buffering agents (zeolite, bentonite; MgO, NaHCO3)
• acidifies (lactic acid, propionic acid, formic acid etc)
• enzymes (beta-galactosidase, xylanase, phytase)
• fat burners (carnitin, chromium pilonicate)
• growth promoting minerals CuSO4

Question 10

3. Nutraceuticals

Answer 10

• botanical and herbal extracts
• probiotics and prebiotics (lactobacillus, MOS, FOS)
• yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
• antioxidants (organic Se, vitamin E)
• other substrates (omega 3 fatty acids, CLA, lectins)