February 2020 exam paper

Question 1

what is the meaning of ephemeral?

Answer 1

life cycle of 6-8 weeks

completes several life cycles in a season

Question 2

example of an ephemeral

Answer 2

mouse-ear-cress “Arabisopsis thaliana”

Question 3

if you were to draw a cross section of a young dicot root, what should you label (in correct order)

Answer 3

xylem
phloem
pericycle-with emerging lateral roots
endodermis
cortex
epidermis with emerging later roots
steele

Question 4

where does sugar transport take place in a young dicot root?

Answer 4

phloem (cortex)

Question 5

where is the selection of minerals taken up in a young dicot root?

Answer 5

root hairs

Question 6

where is the production of lateral roots in a young dicot stem?

Answer 6

pericycle, epidermis and endodermis

Question 7

what is the function of the anther?

Answer 7

produces/contains pollen

Question 8

what is the purpose of the petals?

Answer 8

attract pollinators

Question 9

what is the function of the ovule?

Answer 9

it becomes the seed at fertilisation (contains ovum)

Question 10

what is the function of the stigma?

Answer 10

hairy/sticky to trap pollen from pollinator

Question 11

what is meant by the corolla?

Answer 11

collection of petals

Question 12

what is meant by the calyx?

Answer 12

collection of sepals

Question 13

describe what is meant by the Law of Limiting Factors

Answer 13

a process has more than one input/staring material

the rate of the process will be limited by the one factor

temp/light/oxygen/water

eg: for photosynthesis to take place water/light/Co2/temp must be all optimum.
if not enough water, plant will wilt forcing stomatal closure therefore no carbon dioxide can be absorbed which is essential for the process.

Wilting also reduces surface area so little light would be intercepted.

Question 14

how does light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 14

the more light available, the rate of photosynthesis increases (up to a certain point)

The process doesn’t happen in the dark and at very low light levels the stomata close so no carbon dioxide absorbed.

Question 15

what controls plant turgor?

Answer 15

the vacuole

Question 16

a plant wilts through loss of? (technical name!)

Answer 16

Turgor

Question 17

what is the function of the Palisade Mesophyll?

Answer 17

it is the site of photosynthesis

Question 18

what is the function of the spongy mesophyll?

Answer 18

site of photosynthesis

air spaces facilitate gas exchange and store carbon dioxide

cells may also store starch

Question 19

what is the function of the stomata?

Answer 19

site of gas exchange-

carbon dioxide in, oxygen out.

And transpirational vapour loss

Question 20

what is the function of the guard cell?

Answer 20

controls opening/closing of stomata

controls water loss

Question 21

what is a plant adaption for protection or defence?

Answer 21

stinging hairs
spine
thorn
prickle

Question 22

what plant part is adapted for a stinging hair?

Answer 22

leaf/stem or epidermis

Question 23

what plant part is adapted for a spine?

Answer 23

leaf

Question 24

what plant part is adapted for a thorn?

Answer 24

stem

Question 25

what plant part is adapted for a prickle?

Answer 25

it is outgrowth of the epidermis on stems and leaves

Question 26

plant example with stinging hairs?

Answer 26

Urtica dioica (nettle)

Question 27

plant example with spines?

Answer 27

Berberis thunbergii Berberis darwinii (gorse)

Question 28

plant example with thorn

Answer 28

Prunus spinosa

Question 29

plant example with a prickle?

Answer 29

Rosa rugosa

Question 30

name some plant adaptions

Answer 30

bulb bract tendril

Question 31

describe the process of pollination

Answer 31

it is the transfer f pollen from the anther to the stigma

Question 32

8 characteristics of wind pollinated plants

Answer 32

``` insignificant flowers no scent large amounts of smoothe/light pollen filaments not fixed so can rock in wind large, feathery stigma reproductive parts hang outside the plant small petals/tepals/bracts-all brown or green green/brown petals ```

Question 33

apart from a dandelion, what is another wind pollinated plant?

Answer 33

Zea mays (Corn)

Question 34

how can you manipulate temperature to increase seed storage time?

Answer 34

store them in the fridge 5'c or lower. you can use liquid nitrogen for super cold conditions

Question 35

name some compound leaf arrangements

Answer 35

pinnate bipinnate palmate bifoliate

Question 36

describe a compound leaf arrangement

Answer 36

made up of leaflets, supported by the petiole-with an axillary bud at the point where it joins the stem

Question 37

6 characteristics of a conifer are

Answer 37

``` evergreen (some are deciduous) leaves are needles naked seeds cones woody plants (undergo secondary thickening) sap contains resin ```

Question 38

state three ways in which flowering plants differ from conifers

Answer 38

enclosed seeds in fruits herbaceous or woody can be annual/biennial/perennial