Febrile Agglutinins Flashcards
These are antibodies demonstrated in microbial diseases that are manifested by a high fever?
Febrile Agglutinins
These are the types of febrile agglutinins?
Typhoid, Typhus, Brucellosis, and Tularemia
What are the main tests used to detect febrile agglutinins?
Widal, Tyhpidot, and Weil-Felix Test
This is used for the diagnosis of tyhpoid fever?
Widal’s Test
What is being looked for in a patient blood sample in Widal’s test?
O and H Antibodies
Specimen used on the 1st and 2nd week of diagnosing typhoid fever?
Blood 1st Week
Urine and Stool 2nd Week
Why is urine and stool requested in the second week of a patient suffering from typhoid fever?
Dehydration and bacterial excretion
Causative agent of typhoid fever?
Salmonella typhi
This is a screening test for typhoid fever performed using a serum sample?
Typhidot
What is the other term used for typhoid fever?
Enteric Fever
What is being detected in typhidot?
IgM and IgG to Salmonella typhi
What antibody is involved in the “anamnestic response”?
IgG
This is a non-specific test for detecting antiboies against ricketssial diseases?
Weil-Felix Test
This is the bacterial species that is derived from the OX-19 and OX-2 antigens used to react with ricketsial species.
Proteus vulgaris (OX-19,2)
Proteus mirabilis (OX-K)
What rickettsial disease is positive for the OX-19 and OX-2
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (Rickettsia rickettsii)
What is the rickettsial disease positive to OX-K?
Scrub Typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi)
This disease uses agglutination test and cross reacts with Francisella tularensis?
Brucellosis
What is the skin rash associated with Lyme’s disease?
Erythema Chronicum Migrans
Causative agent for Lyme’s disease?
Borrelia burgdorferi
What are the laboratory tests used for Lyme’s disease?
IFA, EIA, Western Blot
Causative agent for primary atypical pneumonia?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
These are antibodies that react best with RBC at temperatures below 37 degrees?
Cold Agglutinins (IgM)
This is the laboratory test for cold agglutinins and its principle?
Rapid Screening Test for Cold Agglutinins
Principle: Hemagglutination
This is the antigen and antibody used in rapid screening test for cold agglutinins?
Antigen: Fresh Human Group O
Antibody: Cold Agglutinin in Px Serum
These are common reagents used in Widal and Weil-Felix tests?
Brucella, Salmonella Somatic Group, Paratyphoid, Typhoid, and Proteus
This is the principle if the Widal and Weil-Felix Tests?
(Direct) Agglutination
What is the corresponding interpretation for the results 4, 3, 2, 1, Trace, and 0 in Widal/Weil-Felix tests?
100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, <25%, and 0
Huge, Moderate, Clump, Small, Very Little, None
This infection has no known reservoirs and are spread via contaminated food, water, or direct contact with fecal matter?
Typhoid Fever
This is the term that describes people with typhoid fever that shed infectious bacteria in their stool up to 3 months?
Chronic Carriers
Anticoagulants used when collecting plasma sample for rapid IgM and IgG test for Salmonella typhi?
Heparin, EDTA, and Sodium Citrate
What is the interpretation of rapid test for typhoid fever when there is a line on C?
Negative
What is the interpretation of rapid test for typhoid fever when there is a line on C and G?
IgG positive, previous infection or re-infection
What is the interpretation of rapid test for typhoid fever when there is a line on M and C?
IgM positive, acute typhoid
What is the interpretation of rapid test for typhoid fever when there is a line on G, M, and C?
IgM and IgG positive, acute middle stage infection
What is the interpretation of rapid test for typhoid fever when there no line at C?
Invalid
