Features of Science

Question 1

What are the 6 features of science?

Answer 1

Empirical method, objectivity, replicability, theory construction, hypothesis testing, falsifiability

Question 2

What is the Empirical Method?

Answer 2

Objectivity is the basis of the the empirical method- a method of gaining knowledge relying on direct observation or testing

Question 3

What is Objectivity?

Answer 3

When all sources of bias are minimised so as not to distort or influence the research process

Question 4

What is Replicability?

Answer 4

The extent to which scientific procedures and findings can be repeated by other researchers in a different context- increases the reliability and validity of a study

Question 5

What is Theory Construction?

Answer 5

Explinations or theories must be constructed to make sense of facts. A theory is a collection of general principles that explain observations and facts

Question 6

What is hypothesis testing?

Answer 6

A process of modifying theories by testing their validity. If the scientist fails to find support for a hypothesis, the theory requires modification

Question 7

What is falsifiability?

Answer 7

The possibility that a statement or hypothesis can be proved wrong

Question 8

Why is falsifiability important in science?

Answer 8

Karl popper- the only way to prove a theory is correct was to seek disproof

Question 9

What is a paradigm?

Answer 9

A set of shared assumptions and agreed methods within a discipline

Question 10

what is a paradigm shift?

Answer 10

the result of a scientific revolution- a scientific change in the dominant unifying theory within a scientific discipline

Question 11

what is an example of a paradigm shift in science?

Answer 11

A polish astronomer overthrew the belief that the earth was the centre of the universe