FE: Lecture 9: Catecholamines

Question 1

What is the only synthetic enzyme we need to know?

Answer 1

tyrosine hydroxylase

Question 2

What is the simplified version of catecholamine synthesis?

Answer 2

1. tyrosine + TH = L-Dopa
2. L dopa +enzyme 2 = DA
3. DA + enzyme 3 = norepinepherine
4. Norepinepherine + enzyme 4 = epinepherine (adrenaline)

Question 3

To be classified as a catecholaminergic neuron you have to?

Answer 3

make and release the catecholamine

Question 4

Neurons that make and release DA are called?

Answer 4

dopaminergic

Question 5

Neurons that make and release epi and norepi are called?

Answer 5

adrenergic

Question 6

Where are norepi stored in PNS and CNS?

Answer 6

PNS- sympathetic ganglia

CNS- locus cerulus (blue spot)

Question 7

What are actions and antagonist of norepi?

Answer 7

actions- sympathetic activation and alertness

antag- alpha and beta blockers- slow heart heart

Question 8

Where is epineph stored and released?

Answer 8

mainly adrenal glands

CNS- medulla and projects to hypothalamus

actions similar to norepi

Question 9

What are two mechanisms for breakdown of catecholamines?

Answer 9

1. enzyme degadation

2. reuptake

Question 10

what enzymes are used for degradation?

Answer 10

1. Monoamine oxidase- breaks down

MOA inhibitors increase levels to fight depression parkisons etc.

2. Catechol- O Methyl Transferase (COMT)

Question 11

How does reuptake work?

Answer 11

Norepinepherine transporters are used and send them to cortex and activates it

reuptake blocks used for narcolepsy

Question 12

What does muscarine poisoining do?

Answer 12

decrease HR

Question 13

What does atropine do?

Answer 13

increase HR