Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IEDC CEcD > FDI & Export Glossary > Flashcards

FDI & Export Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

Offer guidance, mentorship & capital to develop start-ups with the intention of helping them grow in national and global markets

A

Accelerator (business)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The process of entering into an existing treaty that has already been signed and enacted by other parties. Has the same legal binding effect of ratification.

A

Accession (treaty)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A tax levied in proportion to the value of a taxed item. For example, local property taxes are generally ad valorem taxes. Many export duties are also ad valorem taxes. More generally rates according to value rather than weight or number of units.

A

Ad valorem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A loan secured by turning over shipment documents of title to the creditor; an alternative to acceptance financing.

A

Advance against documents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Activities that create a more favorable business and operating environment for foreign businesses; range from providing post-establishment facilitation services to developmental support for new foreign investors.

A

Aftercare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

An investor who provide equity investment to start-up businesses

A

Angel investor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The increase in the value of an asset

A

Appreciation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations is a political and economic organization of ten countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar & Vietnam

A

ASEAN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bank that fosters economic growth and cooperation and accelerates economic development in the region of Asia and the Far East

A

Asian Development Bank (ADB)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Business property acquired at a measurable cost, the use of which is related to the business operations.

A

Asset

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Occurs when a foreign firm seeks local companies to supply parts

A

Backward vertical transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A quantifiable measure of economic competitiveness and quality of life collected on a regular basis. Used to measure a region’s economic status and progress against comparable regions.

A

Benchmark

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Between 2 Countries

A

Bilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Also called a foreign buyers check. Negotiable form of payment from the seller/exporter to the buyer/importer.

A

Bill of Exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A document issued by a carrier that details a merchandise shipment and assigns title of the merchandise to some party.

A

Bill of Lading (BoL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A site operated as part of a foreign parent corporation’s operations, rather than a separate entity

A

Branch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Used to determine the concerns, plans, and community relations of businesses.

A

Business Retention & Expansion Surveys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ranking from the Economist Intelligence Unit, designed to replicate the main criteria major corporations use in deciding where to invest.

A

Business environment ranking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The aggregate of local government, labor and business attitudes toward business.

A

Business Climate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Entity that nurtures and supports young companies until they are viable, providing them with affordable space, technical and management support, equity and long-term debt financing and employment.

A

Business Incubator (or Incubator)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Traditional approach to economic development, in which companies are enticed to relocate or set up a new branch operation in a place.

A

Business recruitment and attraction (‘smokestack chasing’)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Systematic effort to keep local companies operating at their present locations. Includes assisting companies to cope with changing economic conditions.

A

Business retention & expansion (BR&E)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The act of developing an organization’s ability to effectively undertake a project. This can be accomplished with technical assistance, networking, conferences and workshops.

A

Capacity Building

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Property, both financial and physical, from which income is derived, and which can be used to produce additional wealth

A

Capital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The total funding of an organization, consisting of debt, stock and retained earnings, used to finance operations and meet debt obligations.

A

Capitalization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

A finance instrument protecting an exporter against loss or damage to property incurred in shipping

A

Cargo insurance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

A customs document that permits duty-free and tax-free temporary trade in goods including commercial samples, professional equipment, and goods for presentation at trade fairs. The best-known is the ATA carnet

A

Carnet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Currency instruments and highly liquid short-term investments, such as money market funds and Treasury bills.

A

Cash (finance)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

A financial statement that shows all cash receipts and disbursements of an entity for a specified period of time.

A

Cash Flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The originating and administrating body for SBA 504 loans. The program provides long-term, fixed rate financing to small businesses to acquire real estate, machinery and equipment for the expansion of business or modernization of facilities.

A

Certified Development Company (CDC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

AKA Agglomerations. Regional groupings of related firms; often identified as prime targets for marketing and development efforts

A

Clusters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Assets that a borrower pledges to secure a debt against default.

A

Collateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

A raw material, usually further refined and manufactured (i.e. rubber, copper, eggs, silk)

A

Commodity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

A) A 501(c)(3) organization that can obtain federal and private support. Some perform only economic development services, but most work only on housing issues.
B) Bank sponsored way to invest in local businesses or real estate investment projects. They can purchase, construct or rehab property.

A

Community Development Corporation (CDC) or Bank CDC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The set of institutions and policies that determine the productivity of a place.

A

Competitiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Buying agents that represent foreign firms

A

Confirming house

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

A required document in some countries, describes the shipment of goods and shows information such as the consignor, consignee, and value of the shipment. Certified by the consular official of the foreign country, it is used by the country’s customs officials to verify the value, quantity, and nature of the shipment.

A

Consular invoice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

A legally independent company with shareholders

A

Corporation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

The chance that the return on an investment will be less than expected or that the borrower will not meet the terms of the loan or investment and that secondary repayment resources such as collateral will be insufficient to cover the losses.

A

Credit Risk.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

The total amount invested in a country.

A

Cumulative Foreign Direct Investment (aka FDI Stock)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

A market for trading currencies.

A

Currency Exchange (aka Foreign Exchange)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

The national agency responsible for controlling the passage of goods in and out of the country, and for collecting tariffs.

A

Customs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

The profession which clears good through customs.

A

Customs broker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

An agreement b/w sovereign states to allow free trade b/w them and administer a common tariff on imports.

A

Customs union

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Failure to pay a financial obligation.

A

Default

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

A decrease in value through age, wear or deterioration. It is important for tax assessments. The rate determines tax due on the value of an asset.

A

Depreciation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Property that is a creative invention, such as design, for which the inventor has the rights and can apply for copyrights, patents and trademarks.

A

Intellectual Property (aka Design)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

A relative designation for nations with more developed economies and infrastructure.

A

Developed Country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

A relative designation for nations with less developed economies and infrastructure.

A

Developing Country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

A form of advertising in which a message is sent to pre-selected targets.

A

Direct Mail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

The provision of own funds by a lender to a borrower without going through another organization, typically used in terms of governments, foundations and non-profits.

A

Direct Financing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

The opposite of FDI. For example, the closing of a foreign owned plant or the purchasing of a foreign asset by a domestic firm.

A

Divestment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Document given from the domestic carrier to the port of embarkation upon moving exports to the shipping line; transfers accountability.

A

Dock Receipt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

A business practice wherein a company exports a product and sells it for less than the price it charges in tis own market

A

Dumping (pricing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Evaluation of an entity’s financial statements or portfolio of loans to determine its credit worthiness and other risk factors.

A

Due Diligence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

An import duty on products.

A

Tariff (aka Duty (trade))

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Prepared by the World Bank, ranks how costly and complex it is for businesses to navigate a country’s regulatory environment.

A

Ease of Doing Business Index

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

A part of the Commerce Department created by the Public Works and Economic Act of 1965. The main goals are to alleviate unemployment and diversity the economy as well as assist urban areas with planning and emergency public works programs.

A

Economic Development Administration (EDA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Prepared by the Heritage Foundation and the Wall Street Journal, measures 10 indicators of economic liberty.

A

Economic Freedom Index

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

A trade bloc consisting of a common market, a customs union and a monetary union. Allows for free trade of goods, common external trade policies and a common currency.

A

Economic and monetary union

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Coordination of trade policies b/w states.

A

Economic integration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

The combination of a customs union with the common market policies

A

Economic union (politics)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

The phenomenon of production where the average cost of production declines as more of the product is produced.

A

Economies of Scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Fast growing markets that do not yet meet the standard of a developed market.

A

Emerging Market

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

A rule for any mode of transport; the seller fulfills obligations by means of making goods available to buyer at a location designated by the seller.

A

ExWorks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Policy used to regulate exported materials either to address domestic scarcity or to limit the supply of another nation.

A

Export Control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Any number of documents necessary to conduct export trade

A

Export documentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

A government authorization to export certain goods to certain places. May or may not be necessary depending on the goods and the country.

A

Export license

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

A comprehensive inventory of a shipment, listing the goods, the type of package and their weight.

A

Export Packing List

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

A written plan similar to a business plan, that discusses the resources needed and strategies that will be employed for each element of the process of exporting

A

Export Plan (or International Business Plan)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

The taking of foreign property by a government without adequate compensation. A distinct risk for both exporters and foreign direct investors.

A

Expropriation (trade)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Parties contribute assets toward a legal entity, either by forming a new entity or investing more equity in an existing one. The business entity could take the form of a partnership, corporation or LLC.

A

Equity joint venture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

The political and economic union of 28 European member states.

A

European Union

74
Q

A transaction where an insuring bank purchases accounts receivable from an exporter.

A

Factoring

75
Q

The US Agency tasked with consumer protection and the prevention of anticompetitive business practices.

A

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

76
Q

When a company invests enough, through the purchasing of stocks or bonds, that it owns a controlling stake in the foreign enterprise.

A

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)

77
Q

Prepared by A.T. Kearney, a proprietary index based on the weighted results of an investor survey.

A

FDI Confidence Index

78
Q

When local suppliers intentionally and explicitly learn business processes from the foreign supplier in order to better supply goods and services.

A

Forward vertical transfer

79
Q

The total amount of foreign capital invested into a country at a given time.

A

FDI stock.

80
Q

Measures the change in total investment over a given unit of time (usually a year); calculated by subtracting total divestment from total new investment within a given timeframe.

A

FDI Flow

81
Q

A specialized economic zone where customs duties are only collected when the goods are moved to the final consumer.

A

Foreign Trade Zone (or Free Trade Zone) (FTZ)

82
Q

A transaction where a forfeiter purchases receivables from an exporter.

A

Forfeiting

83
Q

An agreement to reduce trade barriers b/w 2 nations.

A

Free Trade Agreement

84
Q

A region with a Free Trade Agreement

A

Free Trade Area (FTA)

85
Q

A firm that consolidates cargo but that does not own any vessels and thus does not itself ship cargo. Issues bills of lading.

A

Freight Forwarder

86
Q

The multilateral agreement on trade that was replaced by the World Trade Organization in 1995.

A

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

87
Q

Computer programs that integrate social, economic and demographic information and mapping; used for market studies, transportation analyses, crime studies and housing impact analyses.

A

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

88
Q

Compiled by the Economic Intelligence Unit; ranks cities across the world based on the quality of living conditions.

A

Global Livability Report

89
Q

Prepared by the World Economic Forum, ranks countries based on indicators grouped under 3 principal categories an 12 sub-categories

A

Global Competitiveness Index

90
Q

The recessionary economic period of 2008-09, characterized by layoffs, low inflation, a housing price bubble, and a major reduction in stock prices and international investment.

A

Great Recession.

91
Q

New construction projects undertaken by foreign companies. Particularly prevalent in the manufacturing sector, as foreign manufacturers often must build new facilities according to their site and production process needs.

A

Greenfield

92
Q

Often thought of as the size of the economy, the monetary value of all goods and services produced within a country, often measured on a yearly basis.

A

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

93
Q

An international standard of names to classify codes. International trade statistics are frequently presented according to HS classifications.

A

Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (Harmonized System)

94
Q

When local competitors observe a foreign corporation and are able to imitate its technology.

A

Horizontal Spillover

95
Q

The sum total of all the perceptions others have about a community or entity

A

Image (marketing)

96
Q

Benefits offered to firms as part of an industrial attraction strategy. They include tax abatements and credits, low interest loans, infrastructure improvements, job training and land grants.

A

Incentives

97
Q

Model that states that rather than attuning our educational system to the desire of students, the US should consider changing to a system that trains students for the jobs that industries need most urgently.

A

Industry Sector Model

98
Q

An increase in the price level, or general prices in an area.

A

Inflation

99
Q

Lending facilities that target the public sector, financed through a combination of bond issues, government funds, and external donor support. They mobilize domestic funds and create an attractive vehicle for donor funding.

A

Infrastructure Bank

100
Q

Creating new idea, devices or processes.

A

Innovation

101
Q

The inability to pay ones’ debts when they come due.

A

Insolvency

102
Q

Used to assure the consignee that insurance will cover the loss of or damage to the cargo during transit.

A

Insurance Certificate

103
Q

Internationally accepted trading terms; create a common set of rules and define transaction costs and responsibilities b/w buyer and seller.

A

International Commercial Terms (INCOterms)

104
Q

JVs where at least one of the partners is a foreign company. Often evolve from non-equity licensing or distribution relationships.

A

International Joint Venture

105
Q

Specifications for products, services and systems, put together collaboratively by various international organizations to ensure quality, safety and efficiency; vital in facilitating international trade.

A

International Standards Organization (ISO)

106
Q

Or strategic alliance, is the temporary joining together or 2 or more partner companies to share resources. Formed for a specific purpose; once this objective has been achieved, the entity is usually dissolved.

A

Joint Venture (JV)

107
Q

When a trade mission is poorly executed, does not generate FDI leads and is perceived simply as a luxurious and expensive foreign trip that benefits only the participants.

A

Junket

108
Q

A versatile document usually issued by a commercial bank verifying that the client has credit for a specified amount, against which drafts can be drawn.

A

Letter of Credit (L/C)

109
Q

1) The relation of debt to equity; the use of borrowed funds by an entity.
2) The use of incentives to induce private sector lenders, individuals or businesses to invest capital in a designated area, project or business.

A

Leverage

110
Q

Granting the right to use certain intellectual property for commercial purposes; permits manufacturing or producing products or components for sale in agreed upon territories and explicated time periods. Typically includes payment to licensor for these purposes.

A

Licensing (intellectual property)

111
Q

When a shareholder’s liability (i.e. in the case of a lawsuit or bankruptcy) is held to the amount of their investment.

A

Limited Liability

112
Q

Combined features of a corporation and partnerships. They are generally not recommended as an effective investment vehicle for foreign investors, for tax and liability reasons.

A

Limited Liability Corporation (LLC)

113
Q

The ability to convert assets to cash quickly without loss of market value. It also refers to the ability of an entity to meet its current obligations.

A

Liquidity

114
Q

A promise by a 3rd party to cover a loan in case of default.

A

Loan Guarantee

115
Q

Flow management from the point of origin to the point of consumption.

A

Logistics

116
Q

A consumer movement to purchase American-made goods.

A

Made in America

117
Q

The set of existing and prospective users of a product or service.

A

Market

118
Q

A distinct or definable subset of a market, also target market.

A

Market Segment

119
Q

The process of analyzing, planning, and executing and controlling messages and programs designed to influence the level, timing, and character of demand in selected target markets for the purpose of achieving an organization’s objectives.

A

Marketing

120
Q

The amount of time before an investment or debt comes due

A

Maturity

121
Q

Survey used by human resources professionals and location consultants to determine adequate compensation.

A

Mercer Quality of Living Survey

122
Q

Tangible products that are the traditional objects of trade, such as commodities and manufacturers. Often contrasted with Service.

A

Merchandise (trade)

123
Q

Changes in company ownership. In the context of inward flow of FDI, it means that facilities or assets shift from domestic ownership to foreign ownership.

A

Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A)

124
Q

A business that is “smaller than small”. Operated by a person on a full or part-time basis, usually out of a home. Examples include carpenters, day-care providers, crafts persons and caterers.

A

Microenterprise

125
Q

Skills needed for jobs that require more education than a HS degree but less than a 4-yr college degree. Vacancies are found in fields such as computer technology, nursing, high-skill manufacturing and others.

A

Middle skills gap

126
Q

When a cultures actions and goals are approached sequentially. These cultures tend to have a linear view of time. Americans, Germans, and Britons generally prefer this style.

A

Monochronic work style

127
Q

In international trade, it’s a country whose firms receive the lowest tariff and tax rates.

A

Most-Favored Nation (MFN)

128
Q

Between 3 or more countries.

A

Multilateral

129
Q

The amount by which total assets (typically measured by their fair market value) exceed total liabilities.

A

Net Worth

130
Q

The revenue foregone by choosing one use of money and resources over another. (For instance, investing in the stock market vs. earning interest in a bank account)

A

Opportunity Cost

131
Q

An agreement that permits the purchase or sale of something within a specified period of time according to specified terms.

A

Option

132
Q

International forum for developing global understanding and seeking solutions for common economic development issues.

A

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)

133
Q

Hiring or contracting an outside firm to perform a process or operation.

A

Outsourcing

134
Q

A federal agency that provides assistance to US companies that assists American companies investing in other countries.

A

Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC)

135
Q

Tax pass-throughs, meaning that the company itself pays no tax. Instead, partners pay tax on the disbursements.

A

Partnerships

136
Q

The exclusive right of the patent owner to use a certain technology

A

Patent

137
Q

Cultures that pursue multiple actions in tandem and may bargain on several items at once or revisit discussions about items that had already been agreed upon. Asians, Arabs, some Southern Europeans and most Latin Americans prefer this style.

A

Polychronic work style

138
Q

Common form of foreign investment where businesses purchase stocks or bonds of businesses in other countries.

A

Portfolio Foreign Investment

139
Q

A trade bloc which gives preferential treatment to participating countries

A

Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA)

140
Q

The act of furthering the growth and development of an organization by generating exposure to a target market.

A

Promotion

141
Q

The term for a business climate that is unwelcoming to foreign investors. Typically it occurs in 2 ways: protecting the inbound flows of foreign investment or restricting the conditions of outbound investment.

A

Protectionism

142
Q

A restriction on the number of goods able to be exported in a period.

A

Quota

143
Q

Work to introduce and improve products and services

A

Research and Development (R&D)

144
Q

A movement to restore manufacturing jobs to the US

A

Reshoring

145
Q

Net income divided by dollars invested.

A

Return on Investment (ROI)

146
Q

A pool of funds that are lent out, whereby the loan repayments and income are recycled or plowed back into the pool which increases funds available for lending.

A

Revolving Loan Fund

147
Q

The degree of uncertainty that an investment will be lost.

A

Risk

148
Q

Strategically protecting against financial losses for any venture that has an uncertain outcome.

A

Risk Management

149
Q

Markets where ownership of an investment is transferred from the one owner, usually the original, to another.

A

Secondary Market

150
Q

A part of International Trade Administration of the US Dept. of Commerce; The Country’s investment promotion agency designed to foster FDI inflows by connecting businesses and investors from around the world with domestic economic development organizations.

A

SelectUSA

151
Q

Intangible traded product delivered from producer to client in the form of labor or information; such as travel, consulting, or information technology work. In the context of trade, often contrasted with Merchandise.

A

Service

152
Q

A designation of what is written on export cartons.

A

Shipping Mark

153
Q

Founded in 1953, it’s mission is to “aid, counsel, assist and protect, insofar as is possible, the interests of small business concerns.” Its charger also mandates that it ensure small businesses a fair proportion of gov’t contracts and sales of surplus property. Since its inception, it has delivered more than 13M loan, loan guarantees, contracts, and other forms of assistance to small businesses.

A

Small Business Administration (SBA)

154
Q

Businesses with fewer employees than a set threshold.

A

Small or Medium-sized enterprise (SME)

155
Q

The use of emerging media (web, mobile phone, etc.) to communicate interactively with customers.

A

Social Media

156
Q

Development costs for various services, including architecture and engineering fees, construction interest, loan fees, insurance fees, legal and accounting fees and permit fees.

A

Soft Costs

157
Q

An adjustment where available assets, tools and resources are marshaled to accommodate the needs of investors so that they can acclimate and succeed in an unfamiliar environment.

A

Soft Landing

158
Q

Benefits that are unique to FDI that transfer into the community at large; often the main reason that decision makers at the national level initiate FDI-specific attraction policies and subsidies.

A

Spillover Effect

159
Q

When national gov’ts hold majority stakes in for-profit businesses.

A

State-Owned Enterprise (SOE)

160
Q

An extremely common way that large foreign corporations invest in foreign countries; a separate legal entity, such as a corporation or partnership that is at least 80% controlled by a foreign parent corporation or holding company. Evolve away from their parent corporations and develop their own business culture and operations.

A

Subsidiary

161
Q

The multi-step process involved in moving a product from producer to consumer.

A

Supply Chain

162
Q

A tool used in the economic development planning process to asses a community’s Strengths & Weaknesses (factors from within a community that can be changed), as well as the Opportunities and Threats (factors from outside the community that cannot be changed).

A

SWOT Analysis

163
Q

Quotas that allow for a quantity of goods to be imported at a reduced tariff. Importers of goods in excess of the quota pay a higher tariff.

A

Tariff Rate Quota

164
Q

The use of various tax relief measures, such as tax exemptions, tax credits or tax abatements, to recruit and attract businesses to a community or help local businesses expand.

A

Tax Incentive

165
Q

Includes aid with preparing grant applications, training staff, applying for loans and marketing the product. It may also include assisting a small business to improve the design of its product or manufacturing process. It is generally aimed at providing specific services that small businesses typically cannot afford.

A

Technical Assistance

166
Q

Includes transfer from foreign to local firms. Includes both physical technology, such as equipment, as well as intangible technology, such as production processes and innovative and effective ways of doing business.

A

Technology Transfer

167
Q

Debt capital repayable according to a specific schedule. It includes medium and long-term loans.

A

Term loans.

168
Q

The relative price of exports in terms of imports. It’s calculated by dividing export prices by import prices.

A

Terms of Trade (TOT)

169
Q

An organization established to serve the needs of members of that same industry or trade.

A

Trade Association

170
Q

Gov’t restriction on international trade.

A

Trade Barrier

171
Q

When a country’s imports are of greater value than its exports.

A

Trade Deficit

172
Q

A trip by gov’t agents to explore business opportunity.

A

Trade Mission

173
Q

When a country’s exports are of greater value than its imports.

A

Trade Surplus

174
Q

A commercial or industrial formal gathering in which sellers at pre-assigned stations present goods or services for possible sale to prospective buyers.

A

Trade Show

175
Q

The process of evaluating a potential borrower in terms of its creditworthiness, risks involved and performance potential.

A

Underwriting

176
Q

An intergov’t organization which promotes international cooperation.

A

United Nations

177
Q

Investment capital subject to considerable risk, generally associated with capitalizing new or unproven businesses with the possibility of very substantial returns.

A

Venture Capital

178
Q

When companies tacitly or explicitly learn business processes from a foreign supplier.

A

Vertical spillover

179
Q

Current assets of an entity including cash, marketable securities, accounts receivables, inventory and prepaid expenses. Net working capital is current assets less current liabilities.

A

Working Captial

180
Q

An international financial institution which offers loans to businesses in developing economies.

A

World Bank

IEDC CEcD (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions