FCS - Week 4

Question 1

What is an Operating System ?

Answer 1

An Operating System acts as an intermediary between the user of the computer and the computer hardware.
Purpose of operating system is to provide an environment in which a user can execute program in a convenient and efficient manner.

Question 2

What are the components of an computer system

Answer 2

Competition can be divided into three components:
1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Air users

Question 3

What are the types of software

Answer 3

1. System software
2. Application software
3. Utility software

Question 4

What are the functions of operating system

Answer 4

1.An Operating System is system software that manages all resources of a computer system.
2. Controls computer hardware include the core computer and peripheral devices s,oftware resources
3. It provide services for computer programs, it is an interface between user and a computer programs
4. Operating system act as an intermediary between user and the computer hardware
5. Operating system as a resource allocator.

Question 5

What are the basic concepts of an operating system ?

Answer 5

1. Kernel
2. System calls
3. Interrupts
4. Shell

Question 6

What is a kernel in operating system ?

Answer 6

The kernel is the core component of an operating system.
It is the part of the operating system that loads first ,and it remains in main memory
It is responsible for providing secure access to the system resources
It acts as an interface between the user applications and the hardware

Question 7

What is a system call

Answer 7

When a process makes request of the kernel the request is called system call, it includes hardware related services, creation and execution of new processes, process scheduling
System calls provide an interface between a process and the operating system

Question 8

What are interrupts

Answer 8

An interrupt is a response by the processor to an event that need attention from the software.
If interest is accepted by the processor, then it executes a function called an interrupt Handler ISR to deal with the event

Question 9

What is an ISR ?

Answer 9

Interrupt service routine

Question 10

What is a shell

Answer 10

The user interface for access to an Operating System services, it should be command based or graphic novel based CUI or GUI

Question 11

What is a process

Answer 11

A program in aggregation is called a process
When a process is on, it will continuously need various types of resources. It will need CPU, I/O Devices , main memory and various types of software resources

Question 12

What are the classifications of operating system

Answer 12

1.Single tasking vs multitasking Operating System
2. Single user versus multi user operating system
3. Distributed operating systems
4. Embedded operating systems
5. Real time operating systems

Question 13

What is single tasking operating system

Answer 13

Single tasking operating system runs one process at a time

Question 14

What is multitasking Operating System

Answer 14

Multitasking Operating System allows more than one process to be running in concurrency, this is achieved by time sharing, available processor time is divided between multiple processes

Question 15

What is single user operating system ?

Answer 15

Single user operating systems have no facilities to distinguish users but may Allow multiple processes to run in tandem

Question 16

What is multi user operating system ?

Answer 16

Multi user operating system extend the basic concept of multitasking with facilities that identify process and resources

Question 17

What is a distributed operating system

Answer 17

A distributed system is a collection of physical separate computer systems that are networked to provide users with access to the various resources that the system maintains.
Multiple computers appear to be a single computer, as all computations are distributed-divided amongst the constituent computers

Question 18

What is software interrupt

Answer 18

Software interrupt is also known as exception or trap

Question 19

What are the OS operations

Answer 19

1. Hardware and software interrupts
2. Dual mode operation

Question 20

What is meant by dual mode

Answer 20

Operating system runs in two modes, user mode and kernel mode, by using mode bit in a process , operating system distinguish one system is any user code or kernel code.
Some instructions designated as privileged only executable in kernel mode

Question 21

What are the two modes of operating system

Answer 21

User mode and kernel mode

Question 22

What is a kernel mode bit

Answer 22

Kernel mode bit is 0

Question 23

What is user mode bit

Answer 23

User mode bit is 1

Question 24

Functions of an operating system

Answer 24

1. Process management
2. Memory management
3. Peripheral devices management
4. Protection and security
5. Networking and communication

Question 25

What is the memory management in operating system

Answer 25

Memory management means efficient management of how data is stored accessed and manipulated in main memory

Question 26

What is the Hierarchy of Memory in view of operating system

Answer 26

1. Internal memory - processor registers and cache
2. Main memory - RAM
3. Secondary storage - Hard Disk
4. Offline storage - UB Disk

Question 27

Data migration in operating system

Answer 27

Question 28

What are the memory management activities

Answer 28