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Sem 1-AHEAD_Cyber_Security > FCS - Week 1 > Flashcards

FCS - Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of computer ?

A
  1. Speed
  2. Accuracy
  3. Versatility - multiple type of work
  4. Diligency - never tired
  5. Reliability - not forget anything
  6. Automation
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2
Q

Types of software

A
  1. System softwares
  2. Application software
  3. Utility software - computer system related software or system utilities
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3
Q

Evolution of computers

A
  1. Abacus - 500BC
  2. Pascaline - 1642 Blaise Pascal (French Matmatician)
  3. Stepped Reckoner - 1971 , Gottfried von Leibniz (GermaN mathmatician),modified pascaline with multiplications, divisions and square roots
  4. Difference Engine -1822 Charles Babbage , MechanicaL model , solve algebric expressions , able to create tables up to 28 digits
  5. Analytical Engine
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4
Q

What is the earliest device of computing

A

Abacus . Invented around 500BC, simple addition and subtraction is carried out

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5
Q

What is the first mechanical calculator machine

A

Pascaline

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6
Q

Who is called the father of computer

A

Charles Babbage

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7
Q

What are the Generations of computers ?

A

Computers are classified into five generations
based on the technology used as they work and their size

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8
Q

What is the first generation of computers ?

A

1940-1956
Technology - vacuum tubes
Size - very large
Example - ENIAC,UNIVAC
Language - Machine Language

Punched cards are used, output on printouts

Cons - generate heat, consume high electricity,
Magnetic drums are used for secondary storage

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9
Q

What is the second generation of computers

A

1956-1963
Technology - Transistors
Size- is smaller compared to 1st generation
Example - IBM 1620, UNIVAC 1108
Language- assembly language & machine language

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10
Q

What is the third generation of computers ?

A

1964-1971
Technology - integrated circuits or ICs
Size - smaller compared to first two generations
Example - IBM 360, Honeywell 6000
Language - high level languages like ALGOL, BASIC,C

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11
Q

What is the fourth generation of computers ?

A

1971-1980
Technology - LSI & VLSI chips
Size - smaller
Example - IBM ,Apple Macintosh , Intel 4004 Series
Language - C, C++,Java

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12
Q

What is the fifth generation of computers ?

A

1980- on words, based on artificial intelligence
Technology - ULSI
Size - smaller
Example - laptops , supercomputers
Language- Mercury

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13
Q

Classification of computers based on logic ?

A

computers are of two types :
1. Analogue computers
2. Digital computers
Analogue computers Features - works on mechanical motion or flow of electricity, process continuous data, Limited memory, less accurate

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14
Q

What are hybrid computers ?

A

Hybrid computers are combination of analogue and digital computers , analogue input data is converted to digital data

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15
Q

Classification of computer based on size ?

A
  1. Micro computers - personal computer
  2. Mini computers
  3. Mainframe computers
  4. Supercomputers
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16
Q

Basic operations of in computer

A
  1. Input operation
  2. Data storage
  3. Processing
    4 output
  4. Controlling
17
Q

A typical computer system consists of ?

A
  1. CPU
  2. Memory
  3. Input output interface
18
Q

What is CPU and what is consists of ?

A

Central Processing Unit, consists of ALU,CU,& Registers

19
Q

Who connect the components of CPU ?

A

Buses Are used to interconnect
Data Bus
Address bus
Control bus

20
Q

How many types of bus ?

A

Address bus, data bus, control bus

21
Q

What is the brain of computer system ?

A

CPU is the brain of computer system

22
Q

What is the function of ALU ?

A

execute instructions, perform arithmetic and logic operations

23
Q

What is the function of control unit ?

A

Control unit controls the whole computer system, control the transfer of data and instructions among other units

24
Q

What are registers ?

A

Temporary storage areas

25
Q

What are the building blocks of computer ?

A

Central Processing Unit
Input output unit
primary storage,
secondary storage

26
Q

Types of memory in computer system

A
  1. Cache memory
  2. Primary memory
  3. Secondary memory
27
Q

Types of primary memory or main memory

A
  1. RAM - Random Access Memory
  2. ROM - read only memory
28
Q

What is cache memory

A

Cache memory resides between main memory and CPU, also known as CPU memory

29
Q

What are the difference between static and dynamic Ram

A

Static RAM uses transistors
Dynamic Ram uses capacitive and transistors

30
Q

Example of volatile memory

A

ROM is volatile memory

31
Q

What are the different types of ROM ?

A

PROM - Programmmable ROM
EPROM - Electrically Programmable ROM
EEPROM - electrically erasable Programmable ROM, erased byte by byte
Flash EPROM -enter device is not the required by it

32
Q

What is the different name of secondary storage

A

Secondary storage is also known as auxiliary memory, it is an non volatile memory

33
Q

What is the spell of memory

A

Memory cell is used in in main memory it countries consists of 8 bits

34
Q

What is most significant bit

A

In a memory cell of 8 bits leftmost bit is most significant bit

35
Q

What is the least significant bit

A

In a memory cell of 8 bits right most best is least significant bit

36
Q

What is memory address ?

A

Each cell of memory is identified by an numeric address

Sem 1-AHEAD_Cyber_Security (27 decks)

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