Fatty Acid Synthesis Flashcards
Saturated Fatty Acid’s do or do not have double bonds?
Do not have double bonds.
Unsaturated Fatty Acid’s do or do not have double bonds?
Do have double bonds.
Monounsaturated contains how many double bonds?
One
Polyunsaturated contains how many double bonds?
Multiple (2 or more)
EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid) & DHA (Doxosahexaenoic Acid) or both derivatives of what?
ALA (Alpha Linolenic Acid)
What are the 3 essential omega-3’s?
ALA, EPA, DHA
What is fatty acid synthesis?
Process by which Palmitate is formed.
What happens to excess carbohydrates?
Converted to Fatty Acids for storage & future energy use.
What is one of the main products of the TCA cycle as it relates to fatty acid synthesis?
Citrate
Where are fatty acids produced?
Cytoplasm
Can Acetyl CoA permeate the mitochondrial membrane for direct use in fatty acid synthesis?
No (stuck in the mitochondria)
When citrate is shuttled out of the mitochondria, what is it converted back into for fatty acid synthesis?
Acetyl CoA
Citrate can leave the mitochondria by which mechanism?
Citrate Shuttle
What is the first step of the Fatty Acid Synthesis?
Citrate is converted into Acetyl CoA
What is the enzyme that catalyzes Citrate into Acetyl CoA?
ATP Citrate Lyase
What is an additional byproduct of the first step of the Fatty Acid Synthesis & where is it used?
Oxaloacetate > used for the TCA cycle
What is the second step of fatty acid synthesis?
Acetyl CoA is converted into Malonyl CoA
What is the enzyme that converts Acetyl CoA into Malonyl CoA?
Acetyle CoA Carboxylase
What is the final step of Fatty Acid Synthesis?
Malonyl CoA is converted into Palmitate
What is the enzyme that converts Malonyl CoA into Palmitate?
FA Synthase
What is the rate limiting enzyme in fatty acid synthesis?
Acetyle CoA Carboxylase
What are the cofactors of fatty acid synthesis?
CO2 & NADPH
What stimulates fatty acid synthesis?
Insulin & Citrate
What inhibits fatty acid synthesis?
Glucagon & Palmitoyl CoA
