Fatty Acid Breakdown And Ketone Bodies

Question 1

Fatty acid metabolism summary

Answer 1

Triacylglycerol converted to fatty acid;
Fatty acids converted to membrane lipids or acetyl CoA;
Acetyl CoA converted to cholesterol, to TCA cycle or ketone bodies;

Question 2

Lipids

Answer 2

Scientific names for fats - fats and oils;
19% of body wight;
Storage lipid - triacylglycerol - adipose tissue
Structural lipids - phospholipids in PM;
High energy source - twice the amount of energy per gram compared to proteins and carbs;

Question 3

Structure of fatty acids

Answer 3

Hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain and hydrophilic carboxyl group;
Saturated; unsaturated;
Monounsat; polyunsat;
Cis and trans configuration;

Question 4

Trans fatty acids

Answer 4

Rare in natural products;
Widely used in snacks, biscuits;
Formed by hydrogenation of vegetable oil to margarine;
Greater risk CHD;

Question 5

Properties of fatty acids

Answer 5

Hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head - amphipathic- act like detergents;
Lipids containing saturated fatty acids - solid;
Unsaturated - liquid at room temp;
Animal fat - 40-60% sat;
Plant oils - 80-90% unsat;