FATS AND OILS FOR LIPIDS Flashcards
are complex heterogeneous compounds found in biological materials.
lipids
They are classified on a rather arbitrary basis by their immiscibility in water and solubility in organic solvents such as ether or carbon tetrachloride
lipids
Lipids are classified on a rather arbitrary basis by their immiscibility in water and solubility in organic solvents such as
ether or carbon tetrachloride
are fatty, waxy, or oily compounds that
are essential to many body functions and serve
as the building blocks for all living cells.
lipids
function of lipids
- help regulate hormones
- transmit nerve impulses
- cushion organs
- store energy in the form of body fat
Compounds classed as lipids include the
- simple lipids (fats, oils, and waxes),
- compound lipids (lecithin, cephalin)
- derived lipids (steroids).
simple lipids
- fats, oils, and waxes
compound lipids
lecithin, cephalin
derived lipids
steroids
are the most abundant lipids found in nature
Fats and oils
Fats and oils are the most abundant lipids
found in nature. Both types of compounds are
called
triacylglycerols
Fats and oils are the most abundant lipids
found in nature. Both types of compounds are
called triacylglycerols because they are
esters
composed of fatty acids joined to a glycerol, a
trihydroxy alcohol
It is applied to distinguish between the desi
ghee and vanaspati ghee.
Baudouin Test
contains 5% sesame oil
Vanaspati ghee
does not contain sesame oil
pure ghee
Fats and oils are treated
with 5ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid and
2% furfural solution in alcohol.
Baudouin Test
means any refined edible vegetable
oil or oils subjected to a process of
hydrogenation in any form.
Vanaspati
This test is used to identify the adulterant
(vanaspati ghee) in the desi ghee. The food
sample is treated with the mixture, containing 5
ml hydrochloric acid, 2% fufral solution in the
alcohol.
Baudouin Test
This test is used to know the degree of
unsaturation in the given sample.
Huble’s Test
Huble’s test is used to know the degree of
unsaturation in the given sample. Oils on
reaction with Huble’s reagent fade the _______________
colour of iodine, then, it is unsaturated, and if
the colour persists, then the given fat or oil is
saturated.
violet
for cholesterol is based on the production of a blue-green color
upon treatment with fresh acetic acid anhydride
and concentrated sulfuric acid with reaction time
raging from 2-15 minutes depending on
complexity of structure of sample and absence
of rancidity.
Leibermann-Burchard test
In this test the given sample to be tested is
rubbed between the folds of filter paper. The
appearance of translucent spot confirms the
presence of fats in the given sample.
Translucent Spot Test
In this test, the pink colour potassium permanganate
disappears when an alkaline potassium
permanganate is added to an unsaturated
hydrocarbon. The disappearance of pink colour may
take place with or without the formation of brown
precipitate of manganese oxide.
Alkaline potassium permanganate
test (Baeyer’s test):
It is a technique where a solution of known
concentration is used to determine the
concentration of an unknown solution.
Titration
the know solution
titrant
unkown solution
analyte
