fatherhood Flashcards
who came up with the skin to skin contact hypothesis
klaus and kennell 1976
what did their findings say about fathers
its beneficial for fathers to be present at the birth of their child to give them the opportunity to form a bond early on with their child
what did their study indicate
there may be a sensitivity period immediately after birth that may be important parents to bond in
what about the father role is significant (name the psycologist too)
lamb 1984
role can be more to do with play and tumble rather than the emotional and nurturing of the child which the mother more so provides. children often prefer the rough and tumble play interactions with their father rather than their mother. pick up different skills when with rather and different skills when with mother
another study- proves emotional building is to do with the mother
heerman 1994
men seem to lack the emotional sensitivity to infants cues that women offer impulsively due to the maternal hormones they have such as oestrogen that generates empathy and increases their emotional response immediately after birth
culturally bias
in the aka tribe in the central African republic, men spend their time helping to keep their child alive and this involves high amounts of their daily life so gender roles may vary in other countries
gender influence on child (name psychologist)
freeman 2010
found that male children are more likely to prefer their father as an attachment figure than female children
also they found that children are more likely to be attached to their fathers during their late childhood to early adolescence
what goes against gender (name psychologist)
field 1978
found that primary caregiver fathers spent more time smiling, imitating and holding their infant than secondary caregiver fathers
this suggests gender isn’t the key but the level of responsiveness is
economic implications
father only has 1-2 weeks off for paternity leave compared to the mother who has up to a year
evolutionary factors
Until very recently, men were expected to be breadwinners and not directly involved in their children’s care. However, this might be a stereotypical view rather than reflect reality, as fathers might not have been directly involved in day-to-day care. Still, they were involved in factors like play, instruction, and guidance.
real life application-how may people react to this information
stress over roles can cause lots of stress and confusion- could make parents not want a child at all
research conducted can be used to reassure parents e.g fathers are more than capable of being the pcg or not having a father around doesnt impact a childs development
