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Bioc 406 > Fat Transport > Flashcards

Fat Transport Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: During fat transport, fatty acids are resynthesized into TAGs in the ER.

A

True

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2
Q

True or False: In the Golgi, TAGs are packaged into large complexes of lipids and proteins (lipoproteins)

A

True

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3
Q

_______ transport dietary fats and cholesterol from the _______ to other ______.

A

Chylomicrons
Intestine
Tissue

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4
Q

______ transport endogenous/recycled fats from the _______ to other ______.

A

VLDLs (Very-Low-Density Lipoproteins)
Liver
Tissue

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5
Q

True or False: Cells that need fats do not need to have specific cell-surface receptors that bind to chylomicrons or VLDLs

A

False

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6
Q

What is the role of lipases?

A

Lipases are associated with cell-surface receptors and release fatty acids from chylomicrons and VLDLs

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7
Q

What is the anatomical structure of a lipoprotein (chylomicron and VLDLs)?

A
  • hydrophobic core of TAGs and cholesteryl esters (like lipid droplets)
  • Core is surrounded by cholesterol, apolipoproteins, phospholipids
  • Like lipid droplets, it has a phospholipid monolayer
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8
Q

What is the role of apolipoproteins?

A
  • Target lipoproteins to specific tissues

- Activate enzymes that work with lipoproteins

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9
Q

How many different apolipoproteins are there?

A

~10 diff apolipoproteins

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10
Q

What is the predominant structure of apolipoproteins?

A

Amphipathic a-helices

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11
Q

True or False: Chylomicrons transport dietary fats and cholesterol from the intestine to adipose, muscle, and heart tissue. Chylomicron remnants are released into blood and absorbed by the liver.

A

True

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12
Q

True or False: VLDL transport endogenous/recycled TAGs and cholesterol from the liver to other tissues. VLDL remnants are released into blood and some are absorbed into the liver, while others mature into IDL and LDL.

A

True

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13
Q

Where is HDL produced?

A

In the liver

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14
Q

What is the role of HDL?

A

It transports cholesterol from muscle/organs back to the liver

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15
Q

What are the 5 main classes of lipoproteins?

A
  1. Chylomicrons
  2. VLDLs
  3. IDL
  4. LDL
  5. HDL
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16
Q

Which lipoprotein is least dense?

A

Chylomicron

17
Q

Which lipoprotein is most dense?

A

HDL

18
Q

Which lipoprotein is largest?

A

Chylomicron

19
Q

Which lipoprotein is smallest?

A

HDL

20
Q

True or False: Chylomicrons directly enter the bloodstream.

A

False - chylomicrons enter the lymph system before entering the bloodstream.

21
Q

How are chylomicrons released in the lymph system?

A

They are packaged into secretory vesicles and released into the lymph system via exocytosis

22
Q

When is glucagon released?

A

fasting/low energy state, so glucose in the liver can be released from alpha cells in the pancreas

23
Q

Glucagon binds to ____ and stimulates the production of ____ and ____

A

GPCR
cAMP
PKA

24
Q

PKA leads to phosphorylation of _______ and ______ _______ ________.

A
  • perilipins

- hormone sensitive lipase

25
Q

What is the function of human serum albumin?

A

-it transports free fatty acids, steroid hormones, thyroid hormones, non-polar drugs, bilirubin

26
Q

True or False: Human serum albumin is produced in the liver and it is the most common blood protein

A

True

Bioc 406 (15 decks)

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