Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Question 1

Preformed vitamin A forms are called __________.

Answer 1

retinoids

Question 2

Foods derived from plants provide _________________ which serve as precursor forms of vitamin A.

Answer 2

carotenoids

Question 3

The major carotenoid with vitamin A activity is ________________, which can be cleaved to yield two molecules of vitamin A.

Answer 3

beta-carotene (b-carotene)

Question 4

The two most important members of the vitamin D family of molecules are:

Answer 4

vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)
vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol)

Question 5

___________ is produced in the skin of humans and animals by the action of sunlight (ultraviolet light) on
its precursor molecule, the cholesterol derivative 7-dehydrocholesterol (a normal metabolite of cholesterol found in the skin)

Answer 5

Vitamin D3

Question 6

The principal function of ___________ is to maintain normal blood levels of calcium ion and phosphate ion so that bones can absorb these ions.

Answer 6

vitamin D

Question 7

There are four forms of vitamin E:

Answer 7

alpha-tocopherol,
beta-tocopherol,
delta-tocopherol,
gamma-tocopherol

Question 8

______________ is the main form of vitamin E in vitamin-E rich foods

Answer 8

Gamma-tocopherol

Question 9

Vitamin K1, also called __________, has a side chain that is predominantly saturated; only one carbon–carbon double bond is present.

Answer 9

phylloquinone

Question 10

Vitamin K2 has several forms, called _____________, with the various forms differing in the length of the side chain. _______________ side chains have several carbon–carbon double bonds, in contrast to the one carbon–carbon double bond present in phylloquinone.

Answer 10

menaquinones