Fat & Related Compounds

Question 1

Short-chain fatty acids

Answer 1

Saturated fatty acids fermented by gut bacteria from undigested dietary fiber and resistant starch in the intestines.

Beneficial for reducing inflammation, regulation of appetite and blood sugar, and immune system support

Acetate is most common SCFA

Question 2

Oxalates

Answer 2

Anti-nutrients found in plants that can interfere with the absorption of calcium and other minerals in the body.

Can also contribute to the formation of kidney stones

Question 3

Medium-chain fatty acids (aka triglycerides)

Answer 3

Readily absorbed and metabolized fatty acids, making them a quick source of energy.

Can be used to make ATP or ketones if glucose levels are low.

Found in coconut oil or palm kernel oil.

Question 4

Long-chain fatty acids

Answer 4

Fatty acids essential for various bodily functions, including energy production, cell membrane structure, and hormone regulation

Include saturated fat, unsaturated fat, omega 3, and omega 6

Question 5

What triglyceride levels are considered normal, borderline high, and high?

Answer 5

Normal - Less than 150 mg/dL

Borderline high - 150-199 mg/dL

High - 200+ mg/dL

Question 6

What triglyceride to HDL ratio scores are considered excellent, good, borderline, and high risk?

What health issues may arise from being high risk?

Answer 6

Excellent - <1.0
Good - 1.0-2.0
Borderline - 2.0-3.5
High risk - >3.5

High risk levels can lead to heart disease/strokes, metabolic syndrome, and visceral fat