Fascist State Flashcards
What was the name of the University fascist group?
GUF
What year was the first fascist youth movement the ‘Fascist Youth Front’ formed?
1921
What was the name of the fascist youth group for boys aged 8-14?
Balilla
What was the origin of the name?
A boy throwing stones at Austrian invaders, and started an uprising against them
The youngest division of the fascist group were named sons and daughters of the what?
She-wolf
How did non-membership of the ONB make life difficult?
Getting jobs, career progression, identified you as anti-fascist
What year was membership of the ONB made compulsory?
1939
What ancient Roman was Mussolini compared to in school texts?
Julius Caesar
What were the Littoriali?
National student games
Why was fascist propaganda scaled back at university level?
Assumed they’d already be well indoctrinated at this point
What was the name of the fascist youth group for boys?
Balilla
What was the purpose of the Opera Nazionale Dopolavoro?
Social organisation for workers
By 1926 what had happened to left wing papers such as ‘Avanti!’?
Shut down
In 1937, there was a celebration of the 2000th birthday of which Ancient Roman?
Augustus Caesar
What was the name of Mussolini’s cult of personality?
The Cult of Il Duce
What was the name for political exile in the South of Italy?
Confino
What were the OVRA?
The secret police
Name some anti-Semitic measures introduced by Mussolini from 1937 onwards
Jews can’t marry Italians, own certain amounts of land, businesses and schools shut down
What did the title ‘First Marshal of the Empire’ confer on the holder?
Supreme command of Italian armed forces
What was the role of the podesta?
A local level governor of an area of Italy
What was Syndicalism?
Employers and employees working in harmony as equals
The Palazzo Vidoni Pact removed the power of which group?
Catholic and Socialist trade unions
Name either of Mussolini’s first two foreign ministers
Alberto De’Stefani and Giuseppe Volpi
What was the Battle for Lira?
The policy of overvaluing the lira to solidify Italy’s position as a great power
What is Confindustria?
A company of representatives employers in Italy
What was Mussolini’s ‘third way’?
The idea of a middle ground between capitalism and communism
What is a Corporation?
A combination of workers unions/syndicates and employers that had control over an aspect of the economy
What did the Istituto Mobiliare Italiano (IMI) Policy do after the Wall Street Crash?
Supported banks with credit from the government so they did not collapse
What is autarky?
Economic self sufficiency
What was the Battle for Births?
Mussolini’s attempt to increase the population of Italy to 60 million people
What caused the occupation of Corfu in 1923?
Assassination of an Italian general (Enrico Tellini)
How much money was demanded from Greece in compensation for the incident?
50 million lire
What territory was given to Italy in 1924 that had previously been denied to them?
Fiume
What treaty did Italy sign in 1925?
Locarno Treaty
Ahmet Zog became president of what country in 1924 with Mussolini’s backing?
Albania
The process of putting down Libyan resistance in 1929-32 was known as what?
Pacification of Libya
Why were international relations between Italy and France complicated?
Due to antifascist exiles in France (Rosselli brothers)
What was the major foreign policy issue between Italy and Germany?
Anschluss
Who was assassinated in 1934?
Engelbert Dolfuss
What was the name of the agreement made in 1935 between Italy, France and Britain in a meeting in the North of Italy?
The Stresa Front
What pact was signed between Germany, Italy and Japan in 1937?
The Anti-Comintern Pact
What did Mussolini admire about Germany?
It’s militarism and loyalty to Hitler
As payoff for the Anschluss, what country did Italy invade?
Albania
What did the Pact of Steel tie Italy to?
Germany’s foreign policy
What pact was signed 23rd August 1939?
Nazi-Soviet Pact (or Molotov-Ribbentrop)
What was one reason Italy should remain neutral in WWII?
Economic and military weakness
What were the reasons Italy should join the war on the side of the Nazis?
Honour Pact of Steel
Fascist doctrine
Share in the spoils
List the countries Germany conquered in the early years of WWII (1939-40)
Poland
Denmark
Norway
Belgium
Netherlands
France
What was Mussolini’s excuse to Hitler for not being able to enter the war?
That he would have been prepared for a war in 1942 but did not have the resources now
When did Italy enter WWII?
10th June 1940
What caused the occupation of Corfu in 1923?
Assassination of an Italian general (Enrico Tellini)
What territory was given in to Italy in 1924 that had previously been denied to them?
Fiume
What treaty did Italy sign in 1925?
Locarno Treaty
Ahmet Zog became president of what country in 1925 with Mussolini’s backing?
Albania
The process of putting down Libyan resistance in 1929-32 was known as what?
The pacification of Libya
What was the major foreign policy issue between Italy and Germany?
Anschluss
What was the name of the agreement in 1935 made between Italy France and Britain in a meeting in the North of Italy?
The Stresa Front
What was the purpose of the anti-Comintern Pact between Germany, Italy and Japan?
A defensive alliance against the USSR
When was the Pact of Steel signed?
22nd May 1939
What date did Italy enter the second world war?
10th June 1940
