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Helminth: LHE-MTE > Fasciolidae > Flashcards

Fasciolidae Flashcards

1
Q

Species

A
  • Fasciola hepatica
  • F. gigantica
  • F. magna
  • F. buski
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2
Q

Definitive host for:

  • Fasciola hepatica
  • F. gigantica
  • F. magna
  • F. buski
A

-Sheep, cattle, ox, other ruminants
-Cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat
-Deer, cattle, horse, sheep, pigs
-Man, pig

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3
Q

Habitat for:

  • Fasciola hepatica
  • F. gigantica
  • F. magna
  • F. buski
A

-Bile ducts (liver)
-Bile duct (liver)
-Liver
-Small intestine

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4
Q

Intermediate host for:

  • Fasciola hepatica
  • F. gigantica
  • F. magna
  • F. buski
A
  • Lymnea truncatula (amphibious)
  • L. auricularia
    -Fossaria parva
    -Planorbis spp. Segmentina spp.
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5
Q

Infection of a snail with one miracidium can produce over

A

600 metacercaria

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6
Q

The emergent juvenile fluke from the metacercaria, often called_______, then penetrates the intestine and migrates to the predilection site where it becomes adult after several weeks and commences to lay eggs thus completing the cycle.

A

-Marita

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7
Q

Acute fasciolosis

A

Traumatic hepatitis

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8
Q

Chronic fasciolosis

A

Fibrosis; hyperplastic cholangitis

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9
Q

Clinical signs of fasciolosis

A

-sudden death (acute fasciolosis in sheep)
-anemia (paleness of skin & m. membranes)
-hypoalbuminemia (edema, lack of vigor, wasting)

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10
Q

Diagnosis of Fasciolosis

A

-Demonstration of the large, unembryonated eggs in fresh feces with the help of the sedimentation method

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11
Q

Treatment for F. hepatica infection

A

-Albendazole— PO; 10mg/kg BW (cattle); 15mg/kg BW (sheep)
-Rafoxanide — 7.5mg/kg BW, PO
-Nitroxynil— 10mg/kg, SC
-Triclabendazole (Fasinex) —PO; 10mg/kg BW (sheep&goat); 12mg/kg BW (cattle)

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12
Q

Prophylaxis of F. hepatica

A

-Snail control
-Prevent animals from access to metacercariae
-Treatment of infected animals

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13
Q

-Adults in the bile ducts of domestic ruminants in the tropics (Phil. included)
-Much larger than F. hepatica with less developed ‘shoulders’

A

Fasciola gigantica

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14
Q

Life cycle similar to F. hepatica, although development in both definitive host and snail intermediate host takes longer and uses a different snail (Lymnea auricularia rubiginosa)

A

F. hepatica

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15
Q

Adults (100 mm long, 2-4.5 mm thick, 11-26 mm wide, and oval) in the liver of wild and domestic ruminants

A

F. magna

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16
Q

Life cycle of F. magna resemble Fasciola spp., and ______ is considered a reservoir host

A

White-tailed deer

17
Q

Life cycle of F. magna resemble Fasciola spp., and ______ is considered a reservoir host

A

White-tailed deer

18
Q

Adult flukes in cattle are inside a closed cyst so that eggs are rarely passed in feces

A

F. magna

19
Q

In sheep & goats encapsulation of the fluke does not occur, the fluke intensively migrates in the liver causing tremendous damage

A

F. magna

20
Q

While the eggs of F. magna resemble those of F. hepatica, this similarity is of limited use; eggs usually are not passed in cattle and sheep

A

True

21
Q

Diagnosis of F. magna

A

-Recovery of the parasites at necropsy, as well as proper identification of F. hepatica or F. gigantica is necessary for definite diagnosis
-When domestic ruminants and deer share the same grazing areas, the presence of disease due to F. magna should be kept in mind.
-Mixed infections with * F. hepatica* occur in cattle

22
Q

Tx of F. magna

A

-Oxyclozanide has been reported effective against F. magna in white-tailed deer
- Triclabendazole has been used in captive and free-ranging red deer
- Rafoxanide has been used successfully against natural infections in cattle
-Albendazole (7.5 mg/kg)
-Clorsulon (15 mg/kg), & Closantel (15mg/kg) have shown efficacy against this fluke in sheep.

23
Q

Accidental host and reservoir host of F. buski

A

Man
Pigs

24
Q

-Adults occur in small intestines of man and pigs
- Endemic in Thailand, Vietnam, China
-Life cycle similar to Fasciola spp.

A

F. buski

25
Q

Metacercariae of F. buski occur in

A

Trapa natans & water chestnut

Helminth: LHE-MTE (15 decks)

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