Fascia of the neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 main layers of fascia in the neck region

A

Superficial cervical fascia

Deep cervical fascia

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2
Q

What is the superficial cervical fascia

A

it is a subcutaneous connective tissue layer between the skin and investing layer of the deep cervical faascia

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3
Q

Where is the superficial cervical fascia thinner

A

it is thinner on the ant aspect of the neck where it houses the platysma

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4
Q

Contents of the superficial cervical fascia

A

neurovascular supply to the skin

external jugular vein

superficial lymph nodes

fat

platysma

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5
Q

Insertion of platysma

A

Lower border of the mandible

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5
Q

Origin of platysma

A

It originated from skin and infraclavicular and supraclavicular regions in both sides

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5
Q

Action of platysma

A

It depresses mandible and angle of mouth.
It also tenses skin of lower face and ant neck

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5
Q

Innervation of platysma

A

cervical branch of facial nerve

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6
Q

Arterial supply of platysma

A

submental artery
suprascapular artery

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7
Q

The deep cervical fascia is condensed to form

A

1.Investing layer
2 Pretracheal fascia
3 Prevertebral fascia
4 Carotid sheath

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8
Q

Which layer is the most superficial part of the deep cervical layer

A

Investing layer

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9
Q

Describe the investing layer

A

It lies deep to the platysma, and surrounds the neck like a collar

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10
Q

The investing layer splits into superficial and deep layers ant, post, lat on both sides to invest what

A

Muscles: Trapezius, sternocleidomastoid.

Glands: parotid and Submandibular.

Spaces: Suprasternal and supraclavicular

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11
Q

Superior attachments of investing layer

A

a. External occipital protuberance
b. Superior nuchal line
c. Mastoid process, styloid process
d. External acoustic meatus, tympanic plate
e. Base of the mandible

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12
Q

Inferior attachments of investing layer

A

a. spine of scapula.
b. Acromion process,
c. Clavicle
d. Manubrium

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13
Q

Anterior attachment of investing layer

A

a. Symphysis menti
b. Hyoid bone

14
Q

Posterior attachment of investing layer

A

a. Ligamentum nuchae
b. Spine of seventh cervical vertebra

15
Q

The pretracheal layer provides what

A

It provides a slippery surface for up and down gliding doing swallowing and neck movements

16
Q

Pretracheal layer is named after what organ

16
Q

Importance of Pretracheal layer

A

it encloses and
suspends the thyroid gland and forms its false capsule

16
Q

The pretracheal layer spans from where to where

A

it spans between the hyoid bone superiorly and the thorax inferiorly where it fuses with the fibrous pericardium of the heart

17
Q

Laterally, the pretracheal layer is continuous with what

A

Carotid sheath

17
Q

Posteriorly the pretracheal layer is continuous with what

A

buccopharyngeal fascia of the pharynx

18
Q

The pretracheal layer consists of 2 parts, list them and what they enclose

A

Muscular part- encloses infrahyoid muscle.

Visceral part- encloses trachea, thyroid gland and oesophagus

19
Describe the prevertebral layer
It lies in front of the prevertebral muscles, and forms the floor of the posterior triangle of the neck
20
What does the prevertebral layer surrounds as it leaves the neck
It surrounds the brachial plexus as it leaves the neck and also the subclavian artery as it passes through the lower neck region
21
The prevertebral layer forms what sheath during its course
Axillary sheath
22
Ant attachment of prevertebral layer
transverse process and vertebral bodies of vertebral column
23
Post attachment of prevertebral layer
nuchal ligament of vertebral column
24
Sup attachment of prevertebral layer
base of the skull
25
Inf attachment of prevertebral layer
fuses with endothoracic fascia of ribcage
26
Describe the carotid sheath
It is a condensation of the fibroareolar tissue around the main vessels of the neck.
27
What forms the carotid sheath
It is formed on anterior aspect by pretracheal fascia and on posterior aspect by prevertebral fascia
27
Contents of carotid sheath
Common carotid artery- bifurcates into ECA and ICA IJV Vagus nerve Deep cervical lymph nodes Carotid periarterial plexuses
28
Post attachment of carotid sheath
continuous with prevertebral layer
28
Ant attachment of carotid sheath
blends with investing and pretracheal layers
29
Sup attachment of carotid sheath
communicates with cranial cavity
30
Inf attachment of carotid sheath
communicates freely with mediastinum of thorax