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Head and Neck > Fascia of the neck > Flashcards

Fascia of the neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 main layers of fascia in the neck region

A

Superficial cervical fascia

Deep cervical fascia

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2
Q

What is the superficial cervical fascia

A

it is a subcutaneous connective tissue layer between the skin and investing layer of the deep cervical faascia

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3
Q

Where is the superficial cervical fascia thinner

A

it is thinner on the ant aspect of the neck where it houses the platysma

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4
Q

Contents of the superficial cervical fascia

A

neurovascular supply to the skin

external jugular vein

superficial lymph nodes

fat

platysma

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5
Q

Insertion of platysma

A

Lower border of the mandible

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5
Q

Origin of platysma

A

It originated from skin and infraclavicular and supraclavicular regions in both sides

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5
Q

Action of platysma

A

It depresses mandible and angle of mouth.
It also tenses skin of lower face and ant neck

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5
Q

Innervation of platysma

A

cervical branch of facial nerve

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6
Q

Arterial supply of platysma

A

submental artery
suprascapular artery

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7
Q

The deep cervical fascia is condensed to form

A

1.Investing layer
2 Pretracheal fascia
3 Prevertebral fascia
4 Carotid sheath

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8
Q

Which layer is the most superficial part of the deep cervical layer

A

Investing layer

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9
Q

Describe the investing layer

A

It lies deep to the platysma, and surrounds the neck like a collar

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10
Q

The investing layer splits into superficial and deep layers ant, post, lat on both sides to invest what

A

Muscles: Trapezius, sternocleidomastoid.

Glands: parotid and Submandibular.

Spaces: Suprasternal and supraclavicular

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11
Q

Superior attachments of investing layer

A

a. External occipital protuberance
b. Superior nuchal line
c. Mastoid process, styloid process
d. External acoustic meatus, tympanic plate
e. Base of the mandible

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12
Q

Inferior attachments of investing layer

A

a. spine of scapula.
b. Acromion process,
c. Clavicle
d. Manubrium

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13
Q

Anterior attachment of investing layer

A

a. Symphysis menti
b. Hyoid bone

14
Q

Posterior attachment of investing layer

A

a. Ligamentum nuchae
b. Spine of seventh cervical vertebra

15
Q

The pretracheal layer provides what

A

It provides a slippery surface for up and down gliding doing swallowing and neck movements

16
Q

Pretracheal layer is named after what organ

A

Trachea

16
Q

Importance of Pretracheal layer

A

it encloses and
suspends the thyroid gland and forms its false capsule

16
Q

The pretracheal layer spans from where to where

A

it spans between the hyoid bone superiorly and the thorax inferiorly where it fuses with the fibrous pericardium of the heart

17
Q

Laterally, the pretracheal layer is continuous with what

A

Carotid sheath

17
Q

Posteriorly the pretracheal layer is continuous with what

A

buccopharyngeal fascia of the pharynx

18
Q

The pretracheal layer consists of 2 parts, list them and what they enclose

A

Muscular part- encloses infrahyoid muscle.

Visceral part- encloses trachea, thyroid gland and oesophagus

19
Q

Describe the prevertebral layer

A

It lies in front of the prevertebral muscles, and forms the floor of the posterior triangle of the neck

20
Q

What does the prevertebral layer surrounds as it leaves the neck

A

It surrounds the brachial plexus as it leaves the neck and also the subclavian artery as it passes through the lower neck region

21
Q

The prevertebral layer forms what sheath during its course

A

Axillary sheath

22
Q

Ant attachment of prevertebral layer

A

transverse process and vertebral bodies of vertebral column

23
Q

Post attachment of prevertebral layer

A

nuchal ligament of vertebral column

24
Q

Sup attachment of prevertebral layer

A

base of the skull

25
Q

Inf attachment of prevertebral layer

A

fuses with endothoracic fascia of ribcage

26
Q

Describe the carotid sheath

A

It is a condensation of the fibroareolar tissue around
the main vessels of the neck.

27
Q

What forms the carotid sheath

A

It is formed on anterior aspect by pretracheal fascia and on posterior aspect by prevertebral
fascia

27
Q

Contents of carotid sheath

A

Common carotid artery- bifurcates into ECA and ICA

IJV

Vagus nerve

Deep cervical lymph nodes

Carotid periarterial plexuses

28
Q

Post attachment of carotid sheath

A

continuous with prevertebral layer

28
Q

Ant attachment of carotid sheath

A

blends with investing and pretracheal layers

29
Q

Sup attachment of carotid sheath

A

communicates with cranial cavity

30
Q

Inf attachment of carotid sheath

A

communicates freely with mediastinum of thorax

Head and Neck (12 decks)

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