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Head and Neck > Anterior triangle of the Neck > Flashcards

Anterior triangle of the Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the anterior triangle of the neck.

A

The anterior triangle of the neck lies between midline
of the neck and sternocleidomastoid muscle. It is
subdivided into smaller triangles.

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2
Q

List the surface landmarks of the neck.

A
  1. Mandible.
  2. Body of hyoid bone.
  3. Laryngeal prominence– sharp protuberance of the anterior border of thyroid cartilage.
  4. The rounded arch of the cricoid cartilage.
  5. Tracheal rings which are partly masked by the isthmus of the thyroid gland.
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3
Q

The laryngeal prominence is also called what and it is more prominent in what sex?

A

Adam apple.
Males

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4
Q

Boundaries of anterior triangle of neck

A

Superior– Base of mandible.
Medial– Sagittal line down the midline of the neck.
Lateral– Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid.

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5
Q

What covers the roof of the triangle

A

Investing fascia.

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6
Q

What covers the floor of the triangle

A

Visceral fascia.

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7
Q

Contents

A

Muscles

Arteries

Veins

Nerves

Lymph nodes

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8
Q

Describe the muscles in the anterior triangle of the neck

A

They are divided as to where they lie in relation to the hyoid bone.

Suprahyoid muscles – Above hyoid bone.

Infrahyoid muscles – Below hyoid bone.

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9
Q

List the suprahyoid muscles

A

Stylohoid

Digastric

Mylohyoid

Geniohyoid

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10
Q

List the infrahyoid muscles

A

Omohyoid

Sternohyoid

Thyrohyoid

Sternothyroid

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11
Q

Arteries present in the anterior triangle

A

Common carotid artery

It bifurcates into external and internal carotid arteries within the triangle.

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12
Q

Veins in the anterior triangle

A

Internal Jugular Vein

Venous drainage of head and neck

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13
Q

Nerves present in the anterior triangle

A

Cranial nerves;

VII

IX

X

XI

XII

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14
Q

The anterior triangle is divided into four by

A

Digastric muscle and superior belly of omohyoid muscle

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15
Q

The four subdivisions of the anterior triangle are

A

Submental

Submandibular /Digastric

Carotid

Muscular

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16
Q

Describe the submental triangle

A

It is a median triangle situated underneath the chin

17
Q

Boundaries of the SMT

A

Inferiorly- Body of hyoid bone

Medially- Midline of the neck

Laterally- Anterior belly of digastric.

Floor- Right and left mylohyoid muscles with median raphe uniting them.

18
Q

Contents of SMT

A

Submental lymph nodes

Small submental veins- Join to form anterior jugular vein

19
Q

What does the submental lymph nodes drain

A

Superficial tissues below chin

Central part of lower lip

Adjoining gums

Anterior part of floor of mouth

Tip of tongue

20
Q

Describe the submandibular triangle

A

Also called the digastric triangle.
It is located underneath the body of the mandible

21
Q

The area between the body of the mandible and the hyoid bone is

A

Submandibular region

22
Q

Boundaries of SManT

A

Superiorly- Base of mandible

Anteroinferiorly- Anterior belly of digastric.

Posteroinferiorly- Posterior belly of digastric .

Floor- Mylohyoid anteriorly
Hypoglossus posteriorly.

Roof- Skin
Superficial fascia containing platysma and cervical branch of facial nerve.
Deep fascia- encloses submandibular gland.

23
Q

Contents of SManT

A

Submandibular gland
Submandibular lymph nodes
Facial vein
Facial artery
Submental artery
Mylohyoid nerve and vessels
Hypoglossal nerve.

24
Q

Which content of the SManT is located superficial and deep to it

A

Superficial- Submandibular lymph nodes and Facial vein.

Deep- Facial artery .

25
Q

Boundaries of carotid triangle

A

Anterosuperiorly- Post belly of digastric and stylohyoid

Anteroinferiorly- Sup belly of omohyoid

Posteriorly - Ant border of sternocleidomastoid.

Roof - Skin
- Superficial fascia containing platysma and cervical branch of CNVII
-Investing fascia

Floor- Middle constrictor of pharynx
Inferior constrictor of pharynx
Thyrohyoid membrane.

26
Q

Contents of carotid triangle

A

Common carotid artery bifurcating into internal and external carotid arteries.

Internal jugular vein

Vagus nerve

Hypoglossal nerve

Deep cervical lymph nodes

27
Q

Describe the muscular triangle

A

It is situated more inferiorly than other subdivisions

28
Q

Boundaries of the muscular triangle

A

Superiorly- Hyoid bone

Medially- Imaginary midline of the neck

Posterosuperiorly- Sup belly of omohyoid

Posteroinferiorly- Lower part of ant border of sternocleidomastoid

29
Q

Contents

A

Infrahyoid muscles- Chief contents

Pharynx

Thyroid gland

Parathyroid gland

30
Q

What triangle does the facial vein and artery pass through

A

Submandibular triangle

Head and Neck (12 decks)

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