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Head and Neck > Eyelid and lacrimal apparatus > Flashcards

Eyelid and lacrimal apparatus Flashcards

1
Q

The eyelids are split into upper and lower portions and they meet at

A

medial and lateral canthi of eye

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2
Q

Opening between the two eyelids are called

A

palpebral aperture

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3
Q

Function of palpebral aperture

A

Offer protection from excessive light

maintain lubrication by distributing tears over the surface of the eyeball

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4
Q

5 layers of the eyelid

A

skin and subcutaneous tissue

orbicularis oculi

tarsal plates

levator apparatus

conjunctiva

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4
Q

The eyelids are attached at the first layer with their modified sweat glands called

A

ciliary glands of moll

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5
Q

Sebaceous glands located in the first layer are

A

gland of zeis

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5
Q

Describe the first layer

A

Thinnest part in the human body

presence of subcutaneous tissue but no subcutaneous fat and as a result eyelid is readily distended with oedema or blood

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6
Q

Parts of orbicularis oculi

A

orbicularis part
palpebral part
lacrimal part

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7
Q

Origin of orbicularis oculi

A

medial orbital margin, medial palpebral ligament and lacrimal bone

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8
Q

Insertion of orbicularis oculi

A

inserts into skin around margin of orbit and the sup and inf tarsal plates

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9
Q

Action of orbicularis oculi

A

orbital part- tightly closes eyelids

palpebral part- gently closes eyelids

lacrimal part- drainage of tears

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10
Q

Innervation of orbicularis oculi

A

zygomatic and temporal branch of facial nerve

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11
Q

location of tarsal plates

A

deep to palpebral part of orbicularis oculi

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12
Q

types of tarsal plates

A

sup tarsus- upper eyelid

inf tarsus- lower eyelid

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13
Q

Function of tarsal plates

A

form scaffolding of the eyelids

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14
Q

Tarsal plates are composed of

A

dense CT

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15
Q

What glands are located in the tarsal plates

A

Meibomian or tarsal glands

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16
Q

Superior tarsus serves as attachment for

A

levator palpebrae superioris

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17
Q

What are meibomian glands

A

They are a specialized type of sebaceous glands that secrete an oily substance.
The oily substance prevents the eyelids from sticking together when closed

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18
Q

Where is the levator apparatus located

A

Upper eyelid

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18
Q

Levator apparatus is made up of

A

levator palpebrae superioris

superior tarsal muscle

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19
Q

Action of levator palpebrae superioris

A

Opens eyelid

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20
Q

Innervation of levator palpebrae superioris

A

sup branch of oculomotor nerve

21
Q

Origin and insertion of levator palpebrae superioris

A

Originates from lesser wing of sphenoid and inserts into the upper eyelid and sup tarsal plate

22
Q

Origin of sup tarsal muscle

A

underside of LPS

23
Q

insertion of sup tarsal muscle

A

sup tarsal plate

24
Q

Innervation of sup tarsal muscle

A

sympathetic fibers from sup cervical ganglion

25
Q

Action of sup tarsal muscle

A

Assists LPS in opening eyelids

25
Q

Conjunctive is reflected unto sclera of eyeball as

A

bulbar conjunctiva

26
Q

Venous drainage of eyelid

A

med-medial palpebral vein drain into opthalmic vein and angular vein

lat- lateral palpebral vein drains into sup temporal vein

26
Q

Arterial supply of eyelid

A

Opthalmic artery and its branches- lacrimal, medial palpebral, supraorbital, dorsal nasal, supratrochlear.

angular branch of facial artery

Transverse facial branch of
superficial temp artery

27
Q

Innervation to eyelids

A

opthalmic nerve branches to upper eyelid- supraorbital, supratrochlear,infratrochlear and lacrimal

Maxillery nerve branches to lower eyelid- infraorbital and zygomaticofacial

28
Q

CLINICAL CORRLEATES OF EYELID

A

Stye- infection of hair follicle(external stye) or meibomian glands (internal stye) around the eyelash

29
Q

What is a chalazion

A

painless granuloma of the meibomian glands

distinguished from stye by absence of pain

30
Q

Lacrimal glands produce what when in excess

A

Tears

31
Q

Lacrimal lake is found in

A

med canthi of eye

31
Q

Describe the lacrimal glands

A

They are serous type exocrine glands that secrete lacrimal fluid unto the surface of the conjunctiva and cornea of the eye

32
Q

Lacrimal gland is divided into

A

orbital part- larger and sits on lat margin of LPS

palpebral part- smaller and in inner surface of eyelid

32
Q

Lacrimal fluid produced by the excretory ducts of lacrimal glands empty into

A

sup conjunctival fornix

32
Q

What is the dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct

A

lacrimal sac

32
Q

Location of lacrimal gland

A

anteriorly in the superolateral aspect of the orbit within the lacrimal fossa

32
Q

Relation of lacrimal gland

A

sup- zygomatic process of frontal bone.
Ant- orbital septum
Post- orbital fat
Inferolateral-lateral rectus

33
Q

lacrimal fluid drains down nasolacrimal duct empties into

A

into inf meatus

33
Q

After secretion, lacrimal fluid circulates around the eye and accumulates in the

A

lacrimal lake

33
Q

Describe the lacrimal apparatus

A

system responsible for draining lacrimal fluid from orbit

33
Q

From the lacrimal lake, the lacrimal fluids drain into

A

Lacrimal sac via series of canals

34
Q

Blood supply of lacrimal gland

A

Art supply-Lacrimal branch of ophthalmic artery

Venous drainage- sup ophthalmic vein which drains into cavernous sinus

35
Q

Lymphatic drainage of lacrimal gland

A

superficial parotid lymph nodes- empties into sup deep cervical lymph nodes

36
Q

Innervation of lacrimal gland

A

lacrimal branch of opthalmic nerve

parasympathetic fibers stimulate fluid secretion from lacrimal gland

sympathetic fibers inhibit fluid secretion from lacrimal gland

37
Q

inf rectus

A

originates from inf aspect of common tendinous ring

inserts into inf and ant aspect of sclera

depresses eyeball.
contributes to adduction and lat rotation of eyeball

Oculomotor nerve

37
Q

sup rectus muscle

A

originates from sup aspect common tendinous ring

attaches to sup and ant aspect of sclera

elevates eyeball.
contributes to adduction and med rotation of eyeball.

Oculomotor nerve

38
Q

med rectus

A

Originates from common tendinous ring

inserts into anteromedial aspect of the sclera

adducts eyeball

oculomotor nerve

38
Q

inf oblique muscle

A

originates from ant aspect of orbital floor

inserts into sclera of eye post to lat rectus

elevates, abducts and lat rotates eyeball

oculomotor nerve

39
Q

sup oblique muscle

A

originates from body of sphenoid

inserts into the sclera post to sup rectus

depresses, abducts and medially rotates eyeball

trochlear nerve

39
Q

lat rectus

A

originates from lat aspect of common tendinous ring

inserts into anterolateral aspect of the sclera

abducts eyeball

abducens nerve

Head and Neck (12 decks)

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