Eyelid and lacrimal apparatus

Question 1

The eyelids are split into upper and lower portions and they meet at

Answer 1

medial and lateral canthi of eye

Question 2

Opening between the two eyelids are called

Answer 2

palpebral aperture

Question 3

Function of palpebral aperture

Answer 3

Offer protection from excessive light

maintain lubrication by distributing tears over the surface of the eyeball

Question 4

5 layers of the eyelid

Answer 4

skin and subcutaneous tissue

orbicularis oculi

tarsal plates

levator apparatus

conjunctiva

Question 4

The eyelids are attached at the first layer with their modified sweat glands called

Answer 4

ciliary glands of moll

Question 5

Sebaceous glands located in the first layer are

Answer 5

gland of zeis

Question 5

Describe the first layer

Answer 5

Thinnest part in the human body

presence of subcutaneous tissue but no subcutaneous fat and as a result eyelid is readily distended with oedema or blood

Question 6

Parts of orbicularis oculi

Answer 6

orbicularis part
palpebral part
lacrimal part

Question 7

Origin of orbicularis oculi

Answer 7

medial orbital margin, medial palpebral ligament and lacrimal bone

Question 8

Insertion of orbicularis oculi

Answer 8

inserts into skin around margin of orbit and the sup and inf tarsal plates

Question 9

Action of orbicularis oculi

Answer 9

orbital part- tightly closes eyelids

palpebral part- gently closes eyelids

lacrimal part- drainage of tears

Question 10

Innervation of orbicularis oculi

Answer 10

zygomatic and temporal branch of facial nerve

Question 11

location of tarsal plates

Answer 11

deep to palpebral part of orbicularis oculi

Question 12

types of tarsal plates

Answer 12

sup tarsus- upper eyelid

inf tarsus- lower eyelid

Question 13

Function of tarsal plates

Answer 13

form scaffolding of the eyelids

Question 14

Tarsal plates are composed of

Answer 14

dense CT

Question 15

What glands are located in the tarsal plates

Answer 15

Meibomian or tarsal glands

Question 16

Superior tarsus serves as attachment for

Answer 16

levator palpebrae superioris

Question 17

What are meibomian glands

Answer 17

They are a specialized type of sebaceous glands that secrete an oily substance.
The oily substance prevents the eyelids from sticking together when closed

Question 18

Where is the levator apparatus located

Answer 18

Upper eyelid

Question 18

Levator apparatus is made up of

Answer 18

levator palpebrae superioris

superior tarsal muscle

Question 19

Action of levator palpebrae superioris

Answer 19

Opens eyelid

Question 20

Innervation of levator palpebrae superioris

Answer 20

sup branch of oculomotor nerve

Question 21

Origin and insertion of levator palpebrae superioris

Answer 21

Originates from lesser wing of sphenoid and inserts into the upper eyelid and sup tarsal plate

Question 22

Origin of sup tarsal muscle

Answer 22

underside of LPS

Question 23

insertion of sup tarsal muscle

Answer 23

sup tarsal plate

Question 24

Innervation of sup tarsal muscle

Answer 24

sympathetic fibers from sup cervical ganglion

Question 25

Action of sup tarsal muscle

Answer 25

Assists LPS in opening eyelids

Question 25

Conjunctive is reflected unto sclera of eyeball as

Answer 25

bulbar conjunctiva

Question 26

Venous drainage of eyelid

Answer 26

med-medial palpebral vein drain into opthalmic vein and angular vein lat- lateral palpebral vein drains into sup temporal vein

Question 26

Arterial supply of eyelid

Answer 26

Opthalmic artery and its branches- lacrimal, medial palpebral, supraorbital, dorsal nasal, supratrochlear. angular branch of facial artery Transverse facial branch of superficial temp artery

Question 27

Innervation to eyelids

Answer 27

opthalmic nerve branches to upper eyelid- supraorbital, supratrochlear,infratrochlear and lacrimal Maxillery nerve branches to lower eyelid- infraorbital and zygomaticofacial

Question 28

CLINICAL CORRLEATES OF EYELID

Answer 28

Stye- infection of hair follicle(external stye) or meibomian glands (internal stye) around the eyelash

Question 29

What is a chalazion

Answer 29

painless granuloma of the meibomian glands distinguished from stye by absence of pain

Question 30

Lacrimal glands produce what when in excess

Answer 30

Tears

Question 31

Lacrimal lake is found in

Answer 31

med canthi of eye

Question 31

Describe the lacrimal glands

Answer 31

They are serous type exocrine glands that secrete lacrimal fluid unto the surface of the conjunctiva and cornea of the eye

Question 32

Lacrimal gland is divided into

Answer 32

orbital part- larger and sits on lat margin of LPS palpebral part- smaller and in inner surface of eyelid

Question 32

Lacrimal fluid produced by the excretory ducts of lacrimal glands empty into

Answer 32

sup conjunctival fornix

Question 32

What is the dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct

Answer 32

lacrimal sac

Question 32

Location of lacrimal gland

Answer 32

anteriorly in the superolateral aspect of the orbit within the lacrimal fossa

Question 32

Relation of lacrimal gland

Answer 32

sup- zygomatic process of frontal bone. Ant- orbital septum Post- orbital fat Inferolateral-lateral rectus

Question 33

lacrimal fluid drains down nasolacrimal duct empties into

Answer 33

into inf meatus

Question 33

After secretion, lacrimal fluid circulates around the eye and accumulates in the

Answer 33

lacrimal lake

Question 33

Describe the lacrimal apparatus

Answer 33

system responsible for draining lacrimal fluid from orbit

Question 33

From the lacrimal lake, the lacrimal fluids drain into

Answer 33

Lacrimal sac via series of canals

Question 34

Blood supply of lacrimal gland

Answer 34

Art supply-Lacrimal branch of ophthalmic artery Venous drainage- sup ophthalmic vein which drains into cavernous sinus

Question 35

Lymphatic drainage of lacrimal gland

Answer 35

superficial parotid lymph nodes- empties into sup deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 36

Innervation of lacrimal gland

Answer 36

lacrimal branch of opthalmic nerve parasympathetic fibers stimulate fluid secretion from lacrimal gland sympathetic fibers inhibit fluid secretion from lacrimal gland

Question 37

inf rectus

Answer 37

originates from inf aspect of common tendinous ring inserts into inf and ant aspect of sclera depresses eyeball. contributes to adduction and lat rotation of eyeball Oculomotor nerve

Question 37

sup rectus muscle

Answer 37

originates from sup aspect common tendinous ring attaches to sup and ant aspect of sclera elevates eyeball. contributes to adduction and med rotation of eyeball. Oculomotor nerve

Question 38

med rectus

Answer 38

Originates from common tendinous ring inserts into anteromedial aspect of the sclera adducts eyeball oculomotor nerve

Question 38

inf oblique muscle

Answer 38

originates from ant aspect of orbital floor inserts into sclera of eye post to lat rectus elevates, abducts and lat rotates eyeball oculomotor nerve

Question 39

sup oblique muscle

Answer 39

originates from body of sphenoid inserts into the sclera post to sup rectus depresses, abducts and medially rotates eyeball trochlear nerve

Question 39

lat rectus

Answer 39

originates from lat aspect of common tendinous ring inserts into anterolateral aspect of the sclera abducts eyeball abducens nerve