Farmakologi Flashcards

1
Q

Hvad er mucosaprotektive midler?

A

Midler der aktiveres af det sure miljø til sucroseoctasulfat, som danner en beskyttende hinde over slimhinden.

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2
Q

Hvilke aktive stoffer findes i mucosaprotektive midler?

A

Sucralfat

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3
Q

Hvad er effekten af mucosaprotektive midler?

A

Ulcushelende

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4
Q

Hvad er syrepumpehæmmere?

A

Midler der bindes irreversibelt til H+/K+ ATPasen, hvormed H+ ikke kan pumpes ligeså effektivt ind i lumen og syresekretionen derved nedsættes.

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5
Q

Hvilke aktive stoffer findes i syrepumpehæmmere?

A

Esomeprazol, lansoprazol, omeprazol, pantoprazol og rabeprazol

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6
Q

Hvad er effekten af syrepumpehæmmere?

A

Reduktion af syresekretion

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7
Q

Hvad er antacida?

A

Midler der neutraliserer saltsyren i ventriklen hvormed pH øges.

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8
Q

Hvilke aktive stoffer findes i antacida?

A

Magnesiumoxid, aluminiumaminoacetat, alumniniumoxid, calciumcarbonat og magnesiumhydroxid

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9
Q

Hvad er effekten af antacida?

A

Neutralisering af pH i gaster

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10
Q

Hvad er prostaglandinanaloger?

A

Midler der bindes til prostaglandinreceptorer i parietalcellerne hvormed syresekretionen hæmmes.

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11
Q

Hvilke aktive stoffer findes i prostaglandinanaloger?

A

Misoprostol

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12
Q

Hvad er effekten af prostaglandinanaloger?

A

Hæmmer syresekretion og stimulerer mucussekretion.

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13
Q

Hvilke farmakologiske behandlinger findes mod kvalme?

A
  • Antikolinergika
  • Antihistaminer
  • Dopamin-receptorantagonister
  • Serotonin-receptorantagonister
  • Neurokinin-receptorantagonister
  • Benzodiazepiner
  • Glukokortikoider
  • Cannabinoider
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14
Q

Hvilke farmakologiske behandlinger findes mod diarré?

A
  • Anti-motilitets midler
  • Anti-sekretoriske midler
  • Absorbenter
  • Antibiotika
  • Enzym erstatning
  • Intestinal mikroflora (fæces transplantat)
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15
Q

Hvilke farmakologiske behandlinger findes mod obstipation?

A
  • Konventionelle osmotiske laksativa
  • Peristaltik-fremmende laksativa
  • Opiod antagonister
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