Family Policies

Question 1

Why was the one child policy implemented?

Answer 1

The CCP feared that the population was growing too rapidly

Question 2

Features of the one child policy

Answer 2

Han chinese families could only have one child while ethnic minorities could have 2

Widely available contraception

Forced sterilisations and abortions

Preferential employment for people who comply

Question 3

Consequences of the one child policy

Answer 3

Female infanticide and sex selective abortions means that there is a shortage of women

Question 4

Why was the birth rate falling in Communist Romania?

Answer 4

Falling SoL

Question 5

Features of Romania’s pronatalist policy

Answer 5

Restricted contraception and abortion

Legal age for marriage lowered to 15

Childless couples pay an extra 5% income tax

Question 6

Donzelot’s view of family policy?

Answer 6

Conflict- sees it as a form of state control over families

Question 7

What is foucalt’s view on power? How does Donzelot use his views

Answer 7

Sees power as diffused throughout society and found in all relationships

Interested in how proffesionals use surveillance to police the family

Question 8

Donzelot: how are poor families targetted? Example of Condry

Answer 8

More likely to be viewed as the cause of anti social behaviour and targetted for improvement

Condry- parents of young offenders may be forced to attend parenting classes to learn the correct way to bring up children

Question 9

Criticism of Donezolt

Answer 9

Conflict theories- he fails to recognise who benefits from policies of surveillance

Question 10

( New rightist) Almond’s arguement

Answer 10

Laws making divorce easier undermine the idea of marriage being a lifelong commitment

Increased rights of cohabitants like pension rights makes marriage and cohabitation too similar

Question 11

(New right) how do benefits provide ‘perverse incentives’ for anti social behaviour?

Answer 11

If fathers see that the state will support their children some will abandon their responsibilities

Housing for unmarried teenage girls encourages teenage pregnancy

Question 12

(New right) benefits of cuts to benefits

Answer 12

Taxes could be reduced which incentivises fathers to work for their families

Promotes self reliance

Question 13

(New right) Issues with the welfare state?

Answer 13

Threatens successful primary socialisation

Threatens work ethic of men

Question 14

Criticisms of new right

Answer 14

Feminists- an excuse to return to patriarchal families which subjegated women

Abbott- cutting benefits would drive poor families into even greater poverty making them less self reliant

Question 15

New right’s influence on governments 1979-1997

Answer 15

Thatcher’s government banned promotion of homosexuality

Question 16

Minimal Influence of new right on new labour governments 1997-2010

Answer 16

Believed that married straight couples were the bedrock of society

Longer maternity leave

Civil partnerships for gay couples

Question 17

How does tax/ benefit policies support the partiarchal family?

Answer 17

Assume that men are the main wage earners and that wives are financially dependent

Question 18

How does childcare support the partiarchal family?

Answer 18

Gov subsidies are not enough to allow parents to work full time unless they can meet additional costs themselves

Question 19

Evaluation of feminist view

Answer 19

Not all policies maintain patriarchy e.g. equal pay act challenge the partiarchal family

Question 20

What are the two types of gender regime policies according to Drew? Give examples

Answer 20

Familistic gender regimes which are based on traditional gender division

Individualistic gender regimes based on the belief that the husband and wife should be treated the same e.g. Sweden: spouses equally responsible for childcare and work

Question 21

When was free contraception introduced?

Answer 21

1961

Question 22

What was the 1991 Child Support Act?

Answer 22

Forced absentee fathers to pay Child Maintenance Service which goes directly to the mother

Question 23

What did the 1969 divorce act do?

Answer 23

Allowed couples to divorce because of irrevocable breakdown

Question 24

How do parents qualify for 30 hrs of free child care?

Answer 24

Their child must be under 2 and each parent must work at least 16 hours

Question 25

What happened to the age at which students could leave education in 2015?

Answer 25

It rose from 16 to 18

Question 26

What happened to parental leave in 2015?

Answer 26

You were able to split it between both parents