Family Life terms Flashcards
Ductless or tubeless organs or groups of cells that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.
Endocrine Glands
Substances made by glands in the body that control a wide variety of physical and mental responses.
Hormones
Produces hormones that regulate metabolism, body heat, and bone growth.
Thyroid gland
Produce a hormone that regulates the body’s balance of calcium and phosphorus.
Parathyroid gland
A gland that serves both the digestive and endocrine systems.
Pancreas
Regulates and controls the activities of all other endocrine systems.
Pituitary gland
Glands that help the body deal with stress and respond to emergencies.
Adrenal glands
Male gametes.
Sperm
The male sex hormone.
Testosterone
Two small glands that secrete testosterone and produce sperm.
Testes
An external skin sac, which holds the testes.
Scrotum
A tube-shaped organ that extends from the trunk of the body just above the testes.
Penis
A thick fluid containing sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive system.
Semen
The inability to reproduce.
Sterility
Female gametes.
Eggs
The female sex glands that store the ova, eggs, and produce female sex hormones.
Ovaries
The hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ that nourishes and protects a fertilized ovum until birth.
Uterus
The process of releasing a mature ovum into the fallopian tube each month.
Ovulation
A pair of tubes with fingerlike projections that draw in the ovum.
Fallopian tubes
A muscular, elastic passageway that extends from the uterus to the outside of the body.
Vagina
The shedding of the uterine lining.
Menstruation
The opening to the uterus.
Cervix
The union of a male sperm cell and a female egg.
Fertilization
The process by which the zygote attaches to the uterine wall.
Implantation
A cluster of cells that develops between the third and eighth week of pregnancy.
Embryo
Group of developing cells after about the eighth week of pregnancy.
Fetus
Steps that a pregnant female can take to provide for her own health and the health of her baby.
Prenatal care
A group of alcohol-related birth defects that includes both physical and mental problems.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Threadlike structures found within the nucleus of a cell that carry the codes for inherited traits.
Chromosomes
The basic units of heredity.
Genes
The chemical unit that makes up chromosomes.
DNA
Disorders caused partly or completely by a defect in genes.
Genetic Disorders
A procedure in which a syringe is inserted through a pregnant female’s abdominal wall to remove a sample of amniotic fluid surrounding the developing fetus.
Amniocentesis
A procedure in which a small piece of membrane is removed from the chorion, a layer of tissue that develops into the placenta.
Chorionic villi sampling
The process of inserting normal genes into human cells to correct genetic disorders.
Gene therapy
Events that need to happen in order for a person to continue growing toward becoming a healthy, mature adult.
Developmental tasks
The confidence that a person can control his or her own body, impulses, and environment.
Autonomy
A lateral, or side-by-side, curvature of the spine.
Scoliosis
The period between childhood and adulthood.
Adolescence
The time when a person begins to develop certain traits of adults of his or her gender.
Puberty
The ability to reason and think out abstract solutions.
Cognition
The state at which the physical body and all its organs are fully developed.
Physical maturity
The state at which the mental and emotional capabilities of an individual are fully developed.
Emotional maturity
A promise or a pledge.
Commitment
The legal process of taking a child of other parents as one’s own.
Adoption
To direct or manage something for or by oneself
Self-directed
Love without limitation or quantification.
Unconditional love
Critical changes that occur in all stages of life.
Transitions
The feelings of sadness or loneliness that accompany children’s leaving home and entering adulthood.
Empty-nest syndrome
The quality of being honest and having strong moral principles.
Integrity
A disease caused by infection with certain bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms that can be passed from one person to another through blood, semen, vaginal fluids, or other body fluids, during oral, anal, or genital sex with an infected partner.
Sexually transmitted diseases
An infection that can be passed from one person to another through blood, semen, vaginal fluids, or other body fluids, during oral, anal, or genital sex with an infected partner.
Sexually transmitted infections
People who are infected show no symptoms or the infections produce mild symptoms that disappear.
Asymptomatic
A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.
Epidemic
A class of chemical agents that destroy disease-causing microorganisms while leaving the patient unharmed.
Antibiotics
The commitment to not participate in something.
Abstinence
Strategies for handling peer pressure, ways for people to say no to something they don’t want to do.
Refusal skills
A vaccine that helps protect the body against infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).
HPV vaccine
The virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). It also attacks the T-cells in the human immune system.
Human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV)
The final stage of the HIV infection.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDs)
A global outbreak of infectious disease.
Pandemic
The moist, inner lining of some organs and body cavities such as the nose, mouth, lungs, and stomach.
Mucous membranes
Specialized white blood cells that perform many immune functions, such as fighting pathogens.
Lymphocytes
Proteins that act against a specific antigen.
Antibodies
A test that screens for the presence of HIV antibodies in the blood.
Antibody Screening Test
A laboratory technique used to detect a specific protein in a blood or tissue sample.
Western blot
Used in situations where the infected person might not come back to learn the results to the test. A blood sample is collected and analyzed immediately.
Rapid test
