Family Diversity Flashcards
Rapports 5 types of family diversity:
1) culture
Differences arise from those who come from different cultures with caring norms and values
Rapports 5 types of family diversity:
2) life course
Diversity caused but the different stages that people have reached in life
Rapports 5 types of family diversity:
3) organisational
Differences created in the way family’s are structured
Rapports 5 types of family diversity:
4) generational
Differences created by historical periods that families have lived through
Causes of family diversity
Changing patterns
Divorce: more single parent families, reconstituted relationships
Causes of family diversity
Post modernity
Diversity is a reflection of a more diverse society
Causes of family diversity
Economic factors
Increasing wealth means more ppl can live alone but those who carnt offer this have multi generational families
Causes of family diversity
Changing roles
Women having careers mean that they are having less children- increase single person households and beanpole households
Causes of family diversity
Policy’s
1969 divorce act
1972 equal pay act
Welfare benefits have lead to underclass and more teenage pregnancies
Causes of family diversity
Late modernism
It is not due to a freedom of choice but forcing into situations via structural changes making life more uncertain
Theories functionalism Parsons
Functional fit theory of society changes the type of families and its functions change to suit society
Theory new right Murray
The nuclear family is under threat due to social policies then change processes in the family
Theories post-modernism
Diversity is the new norm in society and people are given more freedom and only have to remain in a relationship as long as their needs are met
Theories feminism Stacey
Women can now create families to suit their needs. This includes the new divorce extended family
Theories Chester
A change has been made to a neo conventional family Where the couples are dual earners and involves conjugal roles
family diversity and plurality
Functionalism
prefer NF
see as uniquely suited to meeting the needs of modern society consider other type dysfunctional or deviant
Chester claims most people live in NF at some point in life and aspire to it.
He notes increased change family diversity to only NF into one-conventional nuclear family. dual earners that traditional division of labour. most family structure miffed version of nuclear unit
family diversity and plurality
New Right
conservative anti-feminist perspective opposed to family diversity
hold view only 1 ideal family type - NF. Support conventional NF man breadwinner and women as mother/housewife - see as natural
see family diversity product of family breakdown which leads to lack of discipline, education failure, crime and dependency culture.
family diversity and plurality
feminism
see NF as based on patriarchal oppression and the fundamental cause of greater inequality.
Critical new right Oakley believes their view of the family is a negative reaction against feminist campaign for equality.
see family diversity as positive and liberating where individuals are able to live in units which reflect their own individual choice
like the changing patterns and trends of family and households
family diversity and plurality
postmodernity
Emphaise family diversity argue greater diversity and choices have advantages like it gives individuals greater freedom to plot their own life course.
Stacey argues greater freedom and choice has benefited women. enables them to free themselves from patriarchal oppression.
PM believe today we have greater choice about lifestyles and relations.
Morgan argues family is simply whatever arrangements those involved choose to call family.
individualisation thesis
Giddens and Beck influenced my PM ideas
Argues in the past peoples lives were defined by fixed roles that largely prevented people from choosing their own life course.
By contrast today individuals today have fewer fixed roles to follow. we have become diem bedded from traditional roles more freedom to choose how we live our lives.
Beck standard biography or life course people followed in past has been replaced by the do it yourself biography. this has impacts on relations and family diversity
Giddens now pure relations more choice = less stability
Reflecting this Beck argues we live in risk society
People more likely now to not conform to norms called this negated family.
personal life perspective
Smart and May agree that there is now greater family diversity but disagree with beck and giddiness explanations.
Recommend using the term personal life instead of family because concept family is often associated with value judgements about ideal or normal types
Concept of personal life is more neutral and flexible because it goes beyond marriage and biological kin and includes near types of relationships
Personal life perspective connectedness thesis
Alternative to individualisation thesis
Small argues we are fundamentally social beings who is choices are always made with a web of connectedness
According to thesis we live within networks of existing relationships and innovative and personal history is and the strongly influence our range of options and choices of relationships
I example parent to separate remain linked by their Children
