Family

Question 1

functionalism

Answer 1

a perspective in sociology according to which society consists of different but related parts, each of which serves a particular purpose.

Question 2

consensus theory

Answer 2

concerned with the maintenance or continuation of social order in society.

Question 3

Division of labour

Answer 3

the assignment of different parts of a manufacturing process or task to different people in order to improve efficiency.

Question 4

Value consensus

Answer 4

Members of society have shared values, norms and beliefs and therefore also have similar identities, this helps cooperation and avoids conflict.

Question 5

socialisation (primary)

Answer 5

occurs when a child learns the attitudes, values and therefore also have similar identities, this helps cooperation and avoids conflict.

Question 6

socialisation (secondary)

Answer 6

refers to the process of learning what is the appropriate behaviour as a member of a smaller group within the larger society.

Question 7

expressive role

Answer 7

tend to pay attention to how everyone is getting along, managing conflict, soothing hurt feelings, encouraging good humour, taking care of things that contributes to ones feelings within the social group (usually a women)

Question 8

Instrumental role

Answer 8

a role that tends to take care of the family by producing income e.g. a father.

Question 9

meritocracy

Answer 9

a social system in which people get opportunities and succeed primarily on their talent and effort.

Question 10

structural differentiation

Answer 10

societies are seen as moving from the simple to the complex via a process of social change.

Question 11

scapegoats

Answer 11

refers to the tendency to blame someone else for one’s own problems, a process often resulting in feelings of prejudice toward the person or group one is blaming.

Question 12

Privatisation

Answer 12

the transfer of ownership, property or business from the government to the private sector. the government ceases to be the owner of the entity or business.

Question 13

domestic labour

Answer 13

a concept developed within feminist theory to analyse the significance of the unpaid work performed by women in the home.

Question 14

New right

Answer 14

a set of ideas of which has influenced the political right/ conservative party in recent years. They tend to be against the welfare state as they believe it encourages individuals to be dependent.

Question 15

dependency culture

Answer 15

refers to a system of social welfare that encourages people to stay on benefits rather than work.

Question 16

underclass

Answer 16

the lowest social class, consisting of people who are very poor and who are not likely to be able to improve their situation.

Question 17

Patriarchy

Answer 17

a social system in which family systems or entire societies are organised around the idea of father-rule, where males are the primary authority figure

Question 18

feminism

Answer 18

the advocacy of women’s rights on the ground of the equality of the sexes.

Question 19

radical feminism

Answer 19

radical reordering of society in which male supremacy is eliminated in all social and economic contexts.

Question 20

liberal feminism

Answer 20

focuses on women’s ability to maintain their equality through their own actions and choices.

Question 21

revolutions

Answer 21

Social revolutions are typically conceived as transformative historical events that fundamentally change the social structures of society.

Question 22

Postmodernism

Answer 22

is the economic or cultural state or condition of society which is said to exist after modernity.

Question 23

Diversity

Answer 23

each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences. These can be along. the dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical abilities, religious beliefs, political beliefs, or other ideologies.