Family Flashcards
who is the functionalist sociologist for family and what do they argue
Murdock (1949) argues family includes adults of both sexes and one or more children. characterised by common residence, economic cooperation and reproduction
what are the four functions of the nuclear family
sexual
reproductive
educational
economic
what are criticisms to Murdock (A03)
-there are other family types
-neglects exploitation (marxists and feminists)
what are Parsons two roles for each member of the family
Men- Instrumental role
Women- Expressive role
what was involved in the instrumental role
‘breadwinner’
main goal to achieve success at work to provide financially
what was involved in the expressive role
relieve burden of instrumental by providing love and understanding whilst continuing to be primary carer
what does Bott theorise
depending on a families extended networks they either had joint conjugal roles or segregated conjugal roles. if spouse has wide social network, more pressure to have segregated conjugal roles
what do Wilmott and Young argue
‘march of progress’, by 1973 families have become more symmetrical
what are some reasons for a march of progress
changes in womens position in society
more women working
geographical mobility
new tech and labour devices
what did Oakley (1974) argue
symmetrical family idea was flawed, argues mens small part in housework seen as equal
how much of how many hours of unpaid work were women doing before the pandemic
3/4 of 16 billion hours
what did Man-Vee Kan (2001) argue
income, age and education have a +/- correlation with amount of housework women do. for every 10k increase in salary, women do 2 hours less in housework
what does Gershuny (1994) argue
wives who work do less housework:
no work= 83%
part time= 82%
full time= 73%
argues increase in equality is due to shift in norms and values, seeing working as the norm for women
what does Crompton (1997) argue
agrees with Gershuny however argues instead of it being a shift in norms and values, it is linked to earning power
what is the triple shift and who argued for it
Hochschild (1983)- mothers do paid work, domestic work and support family emotionally
what is the mental load
women having to remember to do tasks around the house as well as other work
what did Dunne (1999) find
homosexual couples more likely to split domestic work equally
what % of adults aged 16-74 experience domestic abuse
5.7%
how many assaults did women face before reporting
3
what do Dobash and Dobash (2007) argue
violent incidents often occur due to the husband perceiving something as challenging his authority
what are the three marxist functions of the family
inheritance of property
ideological functions
unit of consumption
how do marxists argue ideological functions of the family reinforce capitalsim
by enforcing a hierarchy in the family, children are taught to be submissive to power
how do marxists argue the unit of consumption reinforce capitalsim
it exploits the labour of the workers making a profit by selling the products of their labour for more than it pays them to produce
what are two criticisms of the marxist view of family
-too deterministic as assumes people passively accept socialisation
-ignores fact nuclear family is no longer main type of family
what two functions does Benston (1972) believe housewives serve (marxist feminist)
-provide care for current and future workers
-be a cheap reserve army of labour
what does Greer (2000) argue
marriage reinforces patriarchal relations from the outset and once honeymoon period is over marriage settles into a pattern of husbands spending more money and time on themselves
who is the liberal feminist and what does she argue
Somerville (2000) argues greater effort needs to be made for policies to encourage greater equality
who are the personal life perspective sociologists
Morgan (1996)
Smart (2014)
what are structural theories
top down- believe society is controlled by government (marxists/functionalists)
what are personal life perspective interactionalist theories
bottom up- believe society is a product of everyday interactions
what did Morgan (1996) argue
family practices- quality of family connections is main part of what makes society
what does Smart (2014) argue
structural theories make generalisations of the family
