Education- Class differences

Question 1

who argues parents own education is most important factor effecting childrens achievement

Answer 1

Feinstein (2008)

Question 2

what is a strength/limitation of Feinstein

Answer 2

s: as parents with higher education have more to teach their child
w: doesnt account for private study students do

Question 3

what are the four mindsets Sugarman (1970) discovers and what are they

Answer 3

fatalism- belief whatever will be will be
collectivism- value being part of group more than education
immediate gratification- seeking pleasure rather than making sacrifices to get rewards
presentative orientation- seeing present as more important than future

Question 4

what are 3 types of cultural deprivation

Answer 4

language
parental support (Douglas)
parental education (Feinstein)

Question 5

who found working class parents placed less value on education meaning less encouragement

Answer 5

Douglas (1964)

Question 6

what are 4 types of material deprivation

Answer 6

problems with housing
diet/health
cost of education
university

Question 7

what % of students at uni are working class

Answer 7

30%

Question 8

in 2010, what % of young people from more affluent households and poorer households went to uni

Answer 8

57% from affluent
19% form poorer

Question 9

what is culture capital and who used it

Answer 9

Bordieu (1984) used it to refer to knowledge, attitude, values, language, tastes and abilities of MC and cultural and material factors are interrelated

Question 10

who interviewed 60 high school teachers and found they judge pupils according to how well they fitted the image of an ideal pupil

Answer 10

Howard Becker (1971)

Question 11

who found notions of ideal pupil was dependant on class and that in WC schools the ideal pupil was seen as quiet passive and obedient whereas in MC schools they were seen to be defined by their personality and ability

Answer 11

Amelia Hempel-Jorgensen

Question 12

what is the self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 12

the belief a prediction comes true simply by the virtue of it being made

Question 13

what test was done by who as a study of the self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 13

Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) told students they had a test to identify which students would ‘spurt’ ahead, when in reality it was a normal IQ test. They told a random 20 students they had the most potential and it was found almost 50% did in fact make significant progress

Question 14

what is streaming

Answer 14

separating children into different ability groups

Question 15

how does streaming link to Beckers’ study

Answer 15

found teachers dont usually see WC students as ideal pupil so more likely to stream them into lower sets as they label them as not being as able as MC students

Question 16

what is the A-C economy

Answer 16

it is the finding by Youell and Gillborn (2001) that publishing league tables creates this economy that schools focus time, effort and resources into pupils who have the ability to get 5 Cs or better

Question 17

who created the concepts of differentiation

Answer 17

Colin Lacey

Question 18

what are the concepts of differentiation

Answer 18

differentiation- teachers categorising pupils according to how they perceive their ability, attitude and/or behaviour
polarisation- pupils response to streaming by moving toward one of two opposite poles

Question 19

what did Lacey find about boys in subcultures

Answer 19

streaming polarised them into pro-school or anti-school subcultures

Question 20

what is a habitus

Answer 20

a social class dispositions

Question 21

what did Louise Archer (2010) find about WC pupils

Answer 21

they felt if they were to succeed in education they needed to change how they talked and presented themselves

Question 22

what are ‘Nike identities’

Answer 22

this refers to how WC pupils seek alternative ways of seeking self-worth, status and value, achieving this through branded clothing like nike

Question 23

Strengths/limitations of Archers’ 2010 study on symbolic capital

Answer 23

S- helps us understand schools are MC environment and create clash of cultures
- strongly supported by Bordieu’s study of culture capital
W- too deterministic as it implies all WC students struggle in MC env
- ignores facts many schools in WC areas adapt to dominant culture