Falls Flashcards
Fluctuating attention state causing temporary confusion and loss of mental function
Delirium
Loss of intellectual function and memory causing dysfunction in daily living deterioration of intellectual functions.
Dementia
Unintentional loss of balance that leads to failure of postural stability
Falls
Risk factors for falls
Postural control mechanisms
Environment and environmental changes
Health and medical conditions
Conditions that have the highest risk of falling
Stroke
Dementia
Probable predictors of falls
PD, Peripheral neuropathy, LE weakness, Sensory loss
Postural control relies on what systems?
Sensory
CNS
Neuromuscular
What are the assessments for Somatosensory?
2-point discriminations
Vibration
Proprioception
Cutaneous sensation
What are the tools useful in 2-point discrimination assessment?
Calipher
Aesthesiometer
What is used for vibration assessment ?
128 Hz Tuning Fork
What are the visual assessments used?
Upright Postural control
Visual acuity & Contrast sensitivity
Depth perception & Peripheral vision
What is the assessment tool used for visual acuity?
Snellen chart
What is the assessment tool used for contrast sensitivity?
Hamilton Vease
What is the assessment tool used for depth perception?
Alternate finger to nose
What is being assessed in the vestibular system?
Base stabilization
Postural stability during head movement
Spatial relations
Parts of the central vestibular system
Semi-circular canals
Otolith organs
Hair Cells
Parts/aspects of the semi-circular canal
Anterior/Superior
Lateral/Horizontal
Posterior/Inferior
Functions of semi-circular canals
Detects angular acceleration
Contain endolymph
Helps in keeping balance
Otolith organs
Saccule
Utricle
Perceives vertical linear acceleration
Saccule
Perceives horizontal linear acceleration
Utricle
Produces nerve impulses that are sent to the brain. It also detects movement.
Hair cells
Two types of hair cells
Stereocilla
Kiniocilla
An assessment of sensory integration testing
Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction and Balance
