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Geriatric PT > Cardiopulmonary System > Flashcards

Cardiopulmonary System Flashcards

1
Q

Heart Diseases

A

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Congestive Heart Failure (LCHF, RCHF)

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2
Q

Narrowing of arterial passageways as a result of the development of plaques on their interior walls

A

Atherosclerosis

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3
Q

Tissue deprived of adequate blood supply

A

Ischemia

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4
Q

Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of

A

Hypertension

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5
Q

Too much damage to the vessels cause them to become

A

Fibrotic; vessels cannot expand

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6
Q

Values for normal BP

A

SBP: <120
DBP: <80

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7
Q

Values for Elevated BP/Pre-HTN

A

SBP: 120-129
DBP: <80

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8
Q

Values for Stage I HTN

A

SBP: 130-139
DBP: 80-89

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9
Q

Values for Stage II HTN

A

SBP: 140-149
DBP: 90-99

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10
Q

Values for HTN crisis

A

SBP: >160
DBP: >100

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11
Q

How do you get the pulse pressure?

A

SBP-DBP

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12
Q

What is the normal amount of pulse pressure?

A

40 mmHg

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13
Q

Characteristics of a widened PP

A

> 40 mmHg
SBP is too high compared to DBP
@ risk for heart disease

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14
Q

Characteristics of a narrowed PP

A

< 40 mmHg
@ risk for heart failure
A key factor in determining chronic kidney disease

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15
Q

The left ventricle is prone to:

A

Ventricular Hypertrophy
Collapse

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16
Q

What is present when there is an occlusion in the peripheries?

A

Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)

17
Q

What is present when there is an occlusion in the brain?

A

Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)/Stroke

18
Q

What is present when there is an occlusion in the heart?

A

Cardiac arrest

19
Q

What is present when there is an occlusion in the extremities?

A

Vascular Insufficiency

20
Q

What is the location of the apical pulse?

A

5th L ICS of the mid-clavicular line

21
Q

Right Heart Failure causes

A

Backflow of blood

22
Q

Patients with RHF present with

A

Jugular Vein Distention
Edematous (may have liver/spleen enlargement)
Ascites (abnormal build-up of fluid in the belly)

23
Q

Patients with LHF present with

A

Fatigue
Dyspnea - Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea (PND)
Crackles
LE Edema
Cyanosis

24
Q

Factors that help BP to be sustained

A

Myocardial Oxygen Consumption
Contractility of the Myocardium
Electrical Conductivity

25
Q

The ability of the heart to maximize oxygen

A

Aerobic Capacity/VO2max/Cardiovascular Endurance

26
Q

Low electrical conductivity is caused by

A

Decrease in SA nodes which initiates action potential for the contraction of the myocardium

27
Q

Low Myocardial Oxygen Consumption is caused by

A

Decrease in oxygen

Geriatric PT (6 decks)

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