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A&P Multiple Choice First Semester > Fall Final > Flashcards

Fall Final Flashcards

1
Q

The study of large body structure, siviable to the naked eye, such as the heart, is called _____ anatomy.

A

Gross

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2
Q

Place the following in corect sequence from simplests to most complex:

  1. molecules
  2. atoms
  3. tissues
  4. cells
  5. organs
A

2-1-4-3-5

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3
Q

Groups of cellls that are similar in structure and function are called:

A

tissues

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4
Q

The primary lipids found in the cell membrane are:

A

phospholipids

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5
Q

All are found in the nucleus except:

  1. DNA
  2. chromatin
  3. centrioles
  4. nucleolus
A

centrioles

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6
Q

Which of the following organelles have double membranes and supply most ATP used by the cell?

  • lysosomes
  • centrioles
  • peroxisomes
  • mitochondria
A

Mitochondria

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7
Q

Exocytosis is a process by which

A

ATP is used to secrete cell products

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8
Q

Which is the pairing of the orangelle and its function?

  • Rough endoplasmic reticulum-digestion of old cell parts
  • ribosome-DNA and RNA production
  • mitochondria-ATP production
  • Peroxisome-storage of export proteins
A

mitochondria-ATP production

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9
Q

Chromosomes align themselves in themiddle of the spindle during

A

metaphase

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10
Q

The site where ribosome asseble prior to their migration into the cytoplasm is the_____.

A

nucleolus

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11
Q

What is the main, general purpose of negative feedback?

A

To maintain homeostasis

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12
Q

_____ cavities are spaces within joints.

A

Synovial

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13
Q

The single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60% to 80% of body weight, is _______.

A

Water

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14
Q

A good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be ______.

A

enhancement of labor contractions

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15
Q

Carbohydrates are stored in the liver and muscles in the form of _______.

A

glycogen

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16
Q

The single most abundant protein in the body is _____.

A

collagen

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17
Q

A chemical reaction in which bonds are broken is usually associated with ________.

A

the release of enegry.

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18
Q

The numbers listed represent teh number of electrons in the first, second, and third energy levels, respectively. On this basis which of the following is an unstable or reactive atom?

  • 2,8,8
  • 2,8
  • 2
  • 2,8,1
A

2,8,1

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19
Q

Atom X has 17 protons. How many electrons are in its valence shell?

A

7

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20
Q

The four elements that make up about 96% of body matter are _____.

A

Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen

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21
Q

The RNA responsible for bringing the amino acids to the ribosome for protein formation is ________.

A

tRNA

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22
Q

Which structures are fingerlike projextions that greatly increase the absorbing surface of cells?

A

microvilli

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23
Q

Which type of cell junction acts as anchors and distributes tension through a cellular sheet and reducesthe chance of tearing when it is subjected to great mechnaical stress?

A

desmosomes

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24
Q

What tissue has lacunae, calcium salts, and blood vessels?

A

Osseous tissue

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25
Q

Connective tissue matrix is composed of ______.

A

fiber and ground substance

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26
Q

Which tissuetype arises from all three embryonic germ layers?

A

Epithelial tissue

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27
Q

The shape of the external ear is maintained by _______.

A

elastic cartilage

28
Q

Glands, such as the thyroid, that secreete their products directly into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as ______.

A

endocrine

29
Q

A many-layered epithelium with cubiodal basal cells and flat cells at its surface would be classified as ________.

A

stratified squamous

30
Q

A needle would pierce the epidermal layer of the forearm in which order?

A

corneum,granulosum, spinosum, basale

31
Q

Acne is a disorder accociated with _______.

A

sebaceous glands

32
Q

Which of the following cutaneous receptors is specialized for the reception of touch or light pressure?

A

Meissner’s corpuscles

33
Q

Which glands produce ear wax

A

Ceruminous galnds

34
Q

The epidermis consists of five layers of cells, each layer with a distinct role to play in the health, well-being, and functioning of the skin. Which of the following layers is respoinsible for cell division and replacement?

A

Stratum basale

35
Q

Sudoriferous (sweat) glands are catergorized as two distinct types. Which of the follwing are the two types of sweat glands?

A

eccrine and apocrine

36
Q

Eyebrow hairs are always shorter that hairs on your head because _______.

A

eyebrow follicles are only active for a few months

37
Q

A type of bone fracture taht is incomplete, without separation of bone parts, commonin children______.

A

Greenstick

38
Q

Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of _______.

A

fat

39
Q

Which of the following is a bone marking name that indicates an armlike bar of bone?

A

Ramus

40
Q

Teh periosteum is secured to the underlying bone by dense connective tissue called ________.

A

perforating (Sharpey’s) fibers

41
Q

The process of bone increasing in width is known as _______.

A

appositional growth

42
Q

What is a disease of the bone in which bone reabsorption outpaces bone deposit, leaving the person with thin and often very fragile bones?

A

Osteoporosis

43
Q

The hyoid bone is unique because it _______.

A

is the only bone of the bodythat does not articulate with any other bone

44
Q

The pelvic girdle does not include the ______.

  • femur
  • illium
  • ischium
  • pubis
A

Femur

45
Q

Aticular cartilage found at the ends of the long bones serves to ______.

A

provide a smooth surface at the ends of synovial joints

46
Q

Bending your head back until it hurts is an example of ________.

A

Hyperextension

47
Q

Which ligament of the knee initates the knee-jerk relex when tapped?

A

the patellar ligament

48
Q

The antebrachium is composed of which of the following two tones?

  • the radius and the ulna
  • the humerus and the clavicle
  • the scapula and the clavicle
  • the humerus and the radius
A

The radius and the ulna

49
Q

Which of the following is the abnormal curve often seen in pregnant women as they attempt to preserve their center of gravity toward the end of the pregnacy?

  • kyphosis
  • hunchback
  • scoliosis
  • lordosis
A

lordosis

50
Q

The cruciate ligaments of the knee ______.

A

Prevent hyperextension of the knee

51
Q

Connective tissue sacs lined with synovial membranes that act as custions in places where friction develops are called _______.

A

bursae

52
Q

What are menisci?

A

semilunar cartilage pads

53
Q

What is moving a limb away from the median plane of the body along the frontal plane called?

A

abduction

54
Q

The terms inversion and eversion pertain only to the ____.

A

feet

55
Q

An example of an interosseous fibrous joint is _____.

A

the radius and the ulna alond its length

56
Q

What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles?

A

tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the myosin binding sites on the actin molecules.

57
Q

Myoglobin _______.

A

stores oxygen in muscle cells

58
Q

What structure in skeletal muscle cells functions in calcium storage?

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

59
Q

Creatine phosphate functions in the muscle cell by _____.

A

storing energy that will be transferred to ADP to resynthesize ATP

60
Q

During muscle contraction,myosin cross bridges attach to which active sites?

A

actin filamentss

61
Q

Rigor mortis occurs because ______.

A

no ATP is available to release attached actin and myosin molecules

62
Q

During vigorous exercise, there may be insufficient oxygen available to completely break down pyruvic acid for energy. As a result, the pyruvicis converted to _______.

A

latic acid

63
Q

The muscle cell membrane is called the _______.

A

Sarcolemma

64
Q

The two types of isotonic contractions are:

A

eccentric and concentric

65
Q

Which muscle type has the most rengenerative capacity?

A

Smooth muscle

66
Q
A

A&P Multiple Choice First Semester (4 decks)

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