Chapter 7-9

Question 1

What is unique about the Hyoid bone?

Answer 1

Does not articulate directly with another bone

Question 2

What bones make up the pelvic girdle?

Answer 2

• Pubis
• Ischium
• Ilium

Question 3

What is the purpose of articular cartilage?

Answer 3

• to provide a smooth surface for bones to articulate on

Question 4

Define flexion

Answer 4

the action of bending

Question 5

Define extension

Answer 5

escribing a straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts

Question 6

Define hyperextension

Answer 6

an excessive joint movement in which the angle formed

Question 7

Define circumduction

Answer 7

movement of a limb or extremity so that the distal end describes a circle while the proximal end remains fixed.

Question 8

Define abduction

Answer 8

movement of a limb away from the midline of the body

Question 9

Define adduction

Answer 9

a motion that pulls a structure or part toward the midline of the body

Question 10

Define menisci and their function

Answer 10

To transfer force from the upper leg to the lower leg.Also stabilize the knee during flexion and extension.

Question 11

What ligament initiates knee-jerk reflex?

Answer 11

The patellar ligament

Question 12

What composes the antibrachium?

Answer 12

The radius and ulna

Question 13

Define Scoliosis

Answer 13

abnormal lateral curve

Question 14

Define Kyphosis

Answer 14

exaggerated thoracic curvature

Question 15

Define Lordosis

Answer 15

accentuated lumbar curvature

Question 16

What do the cruciate ligament of the knee do?

Answer 16

Prevents hyperextension of the knee

Question 17

Define Bursae

Answer 17

Flattened fibrous sacs lined with synovial membranes

Question 18

What is an example of interosseous fibrous joints?

Answer 18

Between the radius and the ulna lengthwise

Question 19

What is Tropomyosin and what does it do?

Answer 19

Tropomyosin is a regulatory protein bound to actin and it blocks active sites on actin

Question 20

What stores calcium in skeletal muscles?

Answer 20

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR)

Question 21

What creatine phosphate does?

Answer 21

interaction of an organic phosphate and creatine, the breakdown of which provides energy for muscle contraction directly phosphorylates ADP to provide energy

Question 22

Where myosin filaments attach during contaction?

Answer 22

myosin heads form cross bridges by binding thick filaments to actin in the thin filaments.

Question 23

Why does rigir mortis occur?

Answer 23

In the absence of ATP, myosin heads will not detach, causing rigor mortis

Question 24

What pyruvic acid is converted into during vigorous muscles activity

Answer 24

Lactic acid

Question 25

What is muscle cell membranes called?

Answer 25

Sarcolemma

Question 26

What are the two types of isotonic contractions?

Answer 26

• Concentric contractions
• Eccentric contractions

Question 27

Define concentric contractions

Answer 27

muscle shortens and does work

Question 28

Define Eccentric contactions

Answer 28

Muscles generates forces as it lengthens

Question 29

Which muscle type has the most regenerative capacity?

Answer 29

Smooth muscle