Fall Exam Flashcards
How does electrolysis work?
You run an electric current through water which causes the compound to split.
What is produced during electrolysis?
Hydrogen and oxygen gas
Which gas is produced over each electrode? How did we know?
Positive= oxygen (the flame stayed lit) Negative= hydrogen (the flame went out, “pop” sound, it was filling up twice as fast because there are two hydrogens in water) H2O
What is the chemical equation for electrolysis?
H2O -> H2+O
How is the chemical formula for water related to the amount of products?
All of the atoms in the reactants (H2O) are the same as all the atoms in the products (H2 + O).
The atoms have just been rearranged. Also, the formula for water tells us that we will be getting 2 atoms of hydrogen and 1 atom of oxygen each time we split a water molecule. This explains why we collected hydrogen gas twice as fast as oxygen gas in the tubes!
What information can I get from one square of the Periodic Table?
Element name
Chemical symbol
Atomic #
Atomic mass
From this info I can figure out the number of protons or electrons (the atomic number) and the
number of neutrons (round the atomic mass and subtract atomic number) in the element.
How can I calculate how many protons, neutrons, and electrons each element has using the Periodic Table?
Protons: atomic #
Neutrons: atomic mass, subtract atomic #
Electron: atomic #
How do I draw the Bohr Model for an element?
- Draw a nucleus, inside nucleus label the chemical symbol, proton, and neutron.
- Draw a shell, draw up to 2 electrons for the first one, and up to 8 on the rest.
What information does the period and group number of an element give me?
Period: the horizontal row, tells us # of electron shells
Group: the vertical column, ONES DIGIT tells us # of valence electrons
What are the names of each group on the Periodic Table?
Alkali metals Alkaline earth metals Transition metals Boron group Carbon group Nitrogen group Oxygen group Halogens Nobel gases Lanthanide + actinide series
Where are the metals, nonmetals, and metalloids located on the table?
Metals: left side of stair step (except Hydrogen)
Non- metals: right side of stair step
Metalloids: along the stair step
Compare and contrast metals and nonmetals?
Metals: usually solid, conduct electricity and heat, malleable and ductile
Nonmetals: usually gases, opposite of metals
Which elements are most likely to react? With which other elements? Why?
React: the ones on the left side of the stair step
Which others: the ones that fit in it
Why: because elements like to have a full electron shell so they bond with others
