Fairness Criterion

Question 1

The Fairness Criterion was proposed by…

Answer 1

Kenneth J. Arrow.

Question 2

If a method violates any one of the fairness criteria, then there is the potential for fair results under that method

Answer 2

unfair

Question 3

There are limitations to all voting methods

Answer 3

True.

Question 4

The 4 Fairness Criteria

Answer 4

1. Majority Criterion
2. Monotonicity Criterion
3. Condorcet Criterion
4. Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives

Question 5

A voting system is fair if it satisfies the criteria

Answer 5

True.

Question 6

Majority Criterion

Answer 6

The winner should be the candidate who receives the majority of the first place votes.

Question 7

Monotonicity Criterion

Answer 7

If candidate A wins an election, then candidate A will also win the election if the only change in the voters’ preference is that a supporter of a different candidate changes their votes to support candidate A.

Question 8

Condorcet Criterion

Answer 8

A candidate that beats each of the other candidates in a pairwise comparison should always be the winner.

Question 9

Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives

Answer 9

If candidate A wins an election and one or more of the other candidates is disqualified or withdraws, and the votes are recounted, candidate A should still be the winner.

Question 10

Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem

Answer 10

There is no voting method involving three or more choices that satisfies all four fairness criteria.

Question 11

Potential for unfairness is built into every election

Answer 11

True.

Question 12

Every voting method is unfair

Answer 12

False.

Question 13

Elections are the mechanism that allows us to…

Answer 13

make social decisions in a democracy (in contrast to a dictatorship).