Failure to reach a settlement Flashcards
What dates was failure to reach a settlement?
1646-49
What was the state of the Presbyterians?
- Still in majority in parliament
- Want a Parliamentarian church imposed.
- Wanted army disbanded.
What was the state of the independents?
- Minority in Parliament, but growing in influence.
- Represent religious sects that are resistant to state church.
What was the state of the army?
- Theoretically under authority of parliament, yet believe they should have more of a say as they won the war.
- Rank and file refused to be disbanded until arrears of pay had been met and they had a guarantee they wouldn’t be prosecuted from the war.
What was the state of the Scots?
- Unhappy with Parliaments failure to impose Presbyterianism in accordance to solemn league and covenant.
What did Charles want to do with these groups?
Play them against one another.
When were the Newcastle propositions?
July 1646
Who put forward the Newcastle propositions?
Parliament
What would the Newcastle propositions have in interest for Charles?
Making peace and guaranteeing his safety.
What did the Newcastle propositions want from Charles?
- A Presbyterian state church
- give up control of his armies to Parliament for 30 years
- dismiss ministers who had ill advised him.
- Strict laws against Catholics enforced
How did Charles respond to the Newcastle propositions?
He ignored them, in hope that he would be saving time to make allies and relation between Parliament and Scots would deteriorate further.
What did Charles present in 1647, May?
He wanted to win over the Presbyterians, so offered a modified version of the propositions.
Would allow a Presbyterian state church for three years.
When was the ‘Heads of Proposals’?
August 1647
Who were the ‘Heads of Proposals’ drafted by?
Henry Ireton
Who were the ‘Heads of Proposals’ formally presented by?
Council of the army
What did the main terms of the Heads of Proposals reflect?
The army’s wish to take things beyond the relation between monarch and parliament.
What did the council promise Charles in return for the Heads of Proposals?
Restoring the royal families ‘honour and freedom’.
What did the council require the King’s acceptance of in the ‘Heads of Proposals’?
- Parliament to be called every two years.
- control of navy and army to be in parliaments hands.
- bishops no longer have authority in civil matters.
- Act of Indemnity to be passed.
What was Charles’ reaction to the Heads of Proposals?
He declined, thought it would require giving up power.
When was the Engagement?
December, 1647.
Who’s custody did Charles escape?
The armies
Where did Charles flee to and when?
The Isle of Wight and November, 1647
Who did Charles negotiate with?
The Scots
What were the main terms of the engagement?
- Charles had to be restored to the position he had before breakdowns of negotiations with Parliament, 1642.
- In return, Charles promised to adopt Presbyterianism as the state religion and to suppress sectarianism.
What happened when the army learnt of the engagement?
They cut off all negotiations with the King.
What happened in May, 1648?
Westminster Parliament offered concessions, by proposing to re-open negotiations with King jointly with Scots on terms of Newcastle propositions. Terms rejected.
