Failure Of The LoN 1930s Flashcards
Manchurian crisis date
1931
What did Japan do and what were the reasons that they gave?
1931(sept): accused Chinese for blowing up a section in the southern railway which they controlled—was the Japanese — invaded china
March 1932: Chinese appealed to league for help
September 1932: Lord Lytton arrived to assess the scene, presented his report that Japanese were to blame
-After a year of Japanese control, they said that japan must retreat, they didnt
Feb 1933: invaded more of Manchuria in “self defense”
What date did Japan leave the LoN?
1933
What did the league do about the Manchurian crisis? And why?
- Nothing— Britain wanted to maintain friendship with japan, a strong nation
- discussed limiting army sales but didnt
- no one wanted to risk their armies against japan
- only countries large enough to defeat japan (USSR + USA) weren’t in the league
What effect did the league’s response to Manchuria have on the league’s overall respect?
Respect for the league decreased
Set a president that you could ignore the league with no retributions
First major failure
Example to other dictators worldwide
Why Manchuria?
Allready had a foothold
Close to japan
Hit badly in the depression needed land and living space -rich in materials and farm land
Did the disarmament conference work?
No
no agreement was reached and led to H leaving conference and soon after, league
Why did disarmament fail?
- All or nothing
- Not everyone would disarm as USA + USSR not part of the league
- B+F had empires to protect
When was the Abyssinian crisis?
1935
What was Mussolini’s reason for invading Abyssinia
- dispute over wal wal oasis
- secretly revenge for Adowa battle 1896
What happened with the Abyssinian crisis?
Dec 1934: troops into Abyssinia after dispute over wal wal oasis
1935: Mussolini went to league to settle the dispute- B+F didn’t even mention it, M took this as a sign that they didnt care
Sept 1935: league reached conclusion that no one should be held responsible
Oct 1935: M launched a full scale invasion
What and when was the British opinion on Abyssinia
1934-35
Ballot from B to league arguing that they should be defending Abyssinia
What did league do about Abyssinia? Why didnt it work
- banned arms sales. I
- banned loans to Italy. I Only within league countries
- Banned imports from Italy I
- hoare laval pact
- B+F refused to close Suez Canal- meant that oil could still get to Italy
- USA not part of league so shipped oil to them
What was the Hoare-Laval pact and what effect did it have on the league?
-secret agreement between F,B+I
- Agreed that Italy would receive 2/3 of Abyssinia if he agreed not to invade
—Laval(British) said they should go behind leagues back and straight to Mussolini
-details leaked to the french press- dropped
- direct undermining of the league
- no respect for league
- most powerful countries in the league didnt respect it
- secret treaty
Why Abyssinia?
- Jealous of B+F empire
- Inspired by japan
- revenge for Adowa battle 1896
- Fertile and mineral wealth
- Wanted a triumph for his people after depression
- Felt B+F gave him permission
- Close to Italian territory
- easy target
Why didnt B+F act?
- wanted to maintain a good relationship with Italy
- F wanted a powerful ally against germany who was close by
- didnt want to end trade-still recovering-suez canal
- both owned large empires-couldn’t object
- closing Suez Canal would have caused war—Italy rearming since 1922 B since 1935
When did H march troops into Rhineland?why then?
March 1936
Used Italy invading Abyssinia as a distraction
League did nothing
When did Italy gain capital of Abyssinia?
May 1936
When was the Rome Berlin axis
Nov 1936
How did the Rome Berlin axis benefit H
- Anti German stresa front colapsed
- distraction
- strengthened position
- ally
What did the Rome Berlin axis mean for league?
- ignored- allies between countries
- less international cooperation
How did league improve working conditions
Banned white paint which had lead in it
Limited kids working hours
International labour orgainisation
What did the slavery commission do
They ended slavery by banning it worldwide
What did the health committee do?
They eradicated leprersey
Prevented plague in some countries
What did the League of Nations do about drugs and which committee
Banned illegal drugs trade
