Faecal Incontinence Flashcards
1
Q
What are the risk factors for faecal incontinence?
A
Female
Increasing age
Institutionalisation
History of IBD, neurological disorders, rectal prolapse, haemorrhoids, bowel resection
2
Q
What are the potential causes of faecal incontinence?
A
Sphincter trauma Obstetric injury Iatrogenic Rectal prolapse Congenital anorectal anomaly MS Stroke Pudendal neuropathy Infectious diarrhoea IBD Impaction causing overflow diarrhoea Learning difficulties Dementia General disability
3
Q
What investigations be used if required for faecal incontinence?
A
Anorectal mannometry Endoanal USS / MRI Proctography Stool culture Pudendal nerve stimulation test EMG Rectal biopsy
4
Q
What are the general management strategies for faecal incontinence?
A
Diet modification
Ipughula supplements
Bowel interventions
Antidiarrhoeals, oral laxatives, suppositires
5
Q
What intervention can be used for overflow or neurological faecal incontinence?
A
Retrograde anterograde bowel irrigation
6
Q
What interventions can be used for sphincter dysfunction in faecal incontinence?
A
Pelvic floor exercises Electrical stimulation Injection of bulking agent Sacral nerve stimulation Sphincter repairs Neosphincter
