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DIN > FACTORS TO DETERMINE THE AUTHORSHIP OF THE QUR’AN > Flashcards

FACTORS TO DETERMINE THE AUTHORSHIP OF THE QUR’AN Flashcards

1
Q

Could Prophet Muhammad (r) read or write?

A

No, Prophet Muhammad (r) was unlettered and could neither read nor write. (Q.29:48)

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2
Q

What is the significance of the Qur’an being free from inconsistencies?

A

It demonstrates the Qur’an’s divine origin, as no human, especially an unlettered one, could produce such a consistent and comprehensive scripture.

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3
Q

What subjects does the Qur’an address?

A

The Qur’an covers social, economic, political, religious legislation, history, psychology, and more.

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4
Q

How does the Qur’an’s lack of need for revision or correction support its divine authorship?

A

It suggests that the Qur’an is perfect and complete, unlike human-authored texts that often require revisions.

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5
Q

Why is it implausible to believe that an illiterate 7th-century Arab could author the Qur’an?

A

Because the Qur’an’s vast knowledge and precision in various subjects could not have come from someone with no formal education or access to written materials.

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6
Q

What nickname was Prophet Muhammad (r) given by his community?

A

He was nicknamed “Al-Ameen” (The Trustworthy).

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7
Q

How did the Prophet’s enemies react to the Qur’an?

A

They offered him kingship and riches if he would stop reciting the Qur’an, but he refused.

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8
Q

Why does the inclusion of verses that correct or reprove Muhammad (r) indicate his sincerity?

A

It shows that he did not alter the message for personal gain but conveyed it truthfully as received.

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9
Q

How does Muhammad’s refusal of power and wealth support his claim of prophethood?

A

It indicates that his motivation was not personal glory but fulfilling his mission as a Messenger of God.

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10
Q

What does the verse “He frowned and turned away when the blind man came to him…” (Q.80:1-2) demonstrate?

A

It demonstrates Muhammad’s honesty in delivering the Qur’anic message, even when it criticized his own actions.

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11
Q

How does the style of the Qur’an differ from Muhammad’s (r) style in the Hadith?

A

The Qur’an is authoritative and challenging, while the Hadith is conversational and expository.

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12
Q

What rhetorical device is characteristic of the Qur’anic discourse?

A

Sudden pronominal shifts to enhance the message.

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13
Q

Why does the Qur’an challenge people to find discrepancies in it?

A

To emphasize its divine perfection and inimitable nature.

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14
Q

What effect did the Qur’an’s eloquence have on Arab society?

A

It ended annual contests of oratory in Makkah because no one could compete with its eloquence.

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15
Q

How is the Qur’an’s style described by Arthur J. Arberry?

A

As an “inimitable symphony” that moves people to tears and ecstasy.

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16
Q

Can the similarities between the Qur’an and the Bible prove that the Qur’an was copied from the Bible?

A

No, similarities could stem from a common divine source.

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17
Q

What does the Qur’an say about the possibility of Muhammad (r) having a human teacher?

A

The Qur’an refutes it by pointing out that the alleged teacher spoke a different language. (Q.16:103)

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18
Q

How do the doctrinal differences between the Qur’an and the Bible affect the theory of copying?

A

The significant differences, particularly in concepts of God, sin, and prophethood, make copying unlikely.

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19
Q

What is one major difference between the Qur’an and the Bible’s account of Adam and Eve?

A

The Qur’an does not blame women for the original sin and emphasizes that both Adam and Eve were forgiven by God.

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20
Q

How does the Qur’an describe the story of Abraham’s (p) intended sacrifice compared to the Bible?

A

The Qur’an depicts it as a test revealed in a dream, with Abraham’s son being a willing participant.

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21
Q

What is the Qur’an’s stance on the Pharaoh’s fate during the Exodus?

A

The Qur’an states that the Pharaoh’s body was preserved as a sign for future generations. (Q.10:90-92)

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22
Q

What does the Qur’an say about Jesus speaking from the cradle?

A

It mentions that Jesus spoke as an infant, which is not mentioned in the Bible. (Q.3:46)

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23
Q

Which Prophet is mentioned in the Qur’an as never worshipping idols, contrary to biblical accounts?

A

Solomon (p) is depicted as never worshipping idols. (Q.2:102)

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24
Q

What city, mentioned in the Qur’an, is not found in the Bible?

A

The city of Iram. (Q.89:7)

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25
Q

What is unique about the Qur’an’s account of the Great Flood?

A

The Qur’an describes it as a local event, unlike the Bible’s account of a global flood.

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26
Q

How does the Qur’an describe Satan?

A

As an open enemy, deceiver, and a sneaking whisperer.

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27
Q

What must one do before reciting the Qur’an according to its teachings?

A

Seek refuge in God from Satan the accursed. (Q.16:98)

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28
Q

Why is it illogical to believe that Satan authored the Qur’an?

A

Because the Qur’an condemns Satan and promotes moral and spiritual growth, which contradicts Satan’s nature.

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29
Q

How does the Qur’an view personal accountability?

A

It teaches that everyone is accountable for their own actions and choices. (Q.3:25)

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30
Q

What does the Qur’an say about God’s forgiveness?

A

God is Most Forgiving and rewards those who sincerely repent. (Q.15:49)

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31
Q

What does the Qur’an say about God’s justice?

A

God will not do the least injustice to anyone. (Q.17:71)

32
Q

How does the Qur’an instruct people to avoid Satan?

A

By not following his whispers and seeking refuge in God.

33
Q

What is the Qur’an’s ultimate goal for humanity according to its teachings?

A

The eradication of vice and the promotion of good.

34
Q

How does the Qur’an’s condemnation of evil support its divine origin?

A

It shows that the Qur’an’s teachings align with the pursuit of truth and righteousness, opposing Satan’s nature.

35
Q

What is the Qur’anic view of Satan’s power over people?

A

Satan has no real power over those who seek God’s protection. (Q.16:99)

36
Q

How does the Qur’an describe the consequence of taking Satan as a patron?

A

As incurring a great loss, as Satan’s promises are deceptive. (Q.4:119-120)

37
Q

What does the Qur’an say about doing good in response to evil?

A

It encourages repelling evil with good as a means to overcome Satan’s influence.

38
Q

How does the Qur’an’s emphasis on moral growth contradict the idea of satanic authorship?

A

Because Satan would not promote virtues like truthfulness, honesty, and worship of God alone.

39
Q

What does the Qur’an say about God’s knowledge and wisdom?

A

That God is full of knowledge and wisdom and cancels any deception Satan might attempt. (Q.22:52)

40
Q

What verse do some misinterpret as indicating that Satan inspired part of the Qur’an, and how is this misunderstanding addressed?

A

Q.22:52 is misinterpreted by some as referring to “Satanic verses,” but this story has been discredited with authoritative proofs.

41
Q

Which ancient city’s existence was unknown until its discovery in 1973 in Syria?

A

The Lost City of Iram.

42
Q

In which year was the city of Iram confirmed to have existed by an excavation in Syria?

A

1973.

43
Q

Which verse in the Qur’an mentions the Lost City of Iram?

A

Qur’an 89:7.

44
Q

What unique characteristic about worker bees is mentioned in the Qur’an?

A

Worker bees are female.

45
Q

Which Qur’anic verse uses a feminine verb form when addressing bees?

A

Qur’an 16:68.

46
Q

What is the role of male bees in the hive according to scientific findings mentioned in the text?

A

The male drones’ sole purpose is to impregnate the queen, after which they are killed by the worker bees.

47
Q

How does the Qur’an describe mountains in relation to the earth?

A

As “pegs” that stabilize the earth.

48
Q

Which scientist co-authored the book “Earth” that confirms the description of mountains as having roots?

A

Professor Emeritus Frank Press.

49
Q

In which year was the theory of mountains having deep roots introduced?

A

In the latter half of the nineteenth century.

50
Q

What does the Qur’an say about mountains’ role in stabilizing the earth’s crust?

A

They prevent the earth from shaking.

51
Q

How does the Qur’an describe the alternation of night and day in relation to the shape of the Earth?

A

It uses the verb “kawwiru,” meaning to wrap or coil around, implying a spherical shape.

52
Q

Which verse mentions the wrapping of night around the day?

A

Qur’an 39:5.

53
Q

How does the Qur’an describe the development of the human embryo?

A

In stages, from a drop of fluid to a leech-like thing, then to a chewed-like lump, then into bones clothed with flesh.

54
Q

Which scientific textbook confirms the accuracy of the Qur’anic description of embryonic development?

A

“The Developing Human” by K. Moore and T.V.N. Persaud.

55
Q

Which verse in the Qur’an refers to the universe as being expanded?

A

Qur’an 51:47.

56
Q

What scientific phenomenon related to the universe is mentioned in the Qur’an 51:47?

A

The expanding universe.

57
Q

Which theory does the Qur’an’s description of the heavens and the earth being cloven asunder relate to?

A

The Big Bang Theory.

58
Q

Which verse in the Qur’an describes the heavens and the earth as being fused together before being separated?

A

Qur’an 21:30.

59
Q

What essential element for life, mentioned in the Qur’an, is confirmed by modern science?

A

Water.

60
Q

How does the Qur’an describe the origin of the universe in Q.41:11?

A

As originating from “smoke.”

61
Q

What is the modern scientific interpretation of the term “smoke” used in the Qur’an to describe the early universe?

A

An opaque, highly dense, and hot gaseous composition.

62
Q

Which modern cosmological principle aligns with the Qur’anic description of the early universe as “smoke”?

A

The formation of stars from the remnants of that primary “smoke.”

63
Q

Who noted that the Qur’an’s challenge to unbelievers regarding the origins of the universe might have been meant for people of a much later era?

A

Jeffrey Lang.

64
Q

Which verse in the Qur’an challenges the belief of unbelievers by referring to the origins of the universe?

A

Qur’an 21:30.

65
Q

What does the Qur’an say about the universe being created from a single primary mass?

A

It was cloven asunder from a fused state.

66
Q

Which modern scientific concept aligns with the Qur’an’s reference to the heavens and the earth being cloven asunder?

A

The Big Bang Theory.

67
Q

How does the Qur’an describe the earth’s shape in relation to night and day?

A

As a sphere, with night and day wrapping around it.

68
Q

What is the Arabic verb used in the Qur’an to describe the wrapping of night and day?

A

“Kawwiru.”

69
Q

Which verse in the Qur’an describes the creation of man from a leech-like thing?

A

Qur’an 96:1-2.

70
Q

Which textbook by K.L. Moore and T.V.N. Persaud supports the Qur’an’s description of embryology?

A

“The Developing Human.”

71
Q

What does the Qur’an say about the role of mountains in stabilizing the earth’s crust?

A

They prevent the earth from shaking.

72
Q

Which verse describes mountains as stabilizers of the earth?

A

Qur’an 16:15

73
Q

What modern theory about the earth’s crust does the Qur’an’s description of mountains align with?

A

Plate tectonics.

74
Q

What does the Qur’an say about the earth’s lithosphere?

A

It describes the mountains as stabilizers of the moving lithospheric plates.

75
Q

Which verse in the Qur’an mentions that the universe was created from smoke?

A

Qur’an 41:11.

DIN (7 decks)

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