Factors Affecring Sporting Participation Flashcards

1
Q

Factors affecting participation

A
Resources
Social Status 
Peers/friends/family
Cultural norms
Leisure time
Previous experience 
Age
Gender
Disability
Discrimination
Media coverage
Education
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2
Q

Why resources affects participation

A

Need money for equipment
Having equipment makes it better and easier to play
Facilities/coaching/transport

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3
Q

How social status has affect on participation

A

Dictate the sport you play
More money=train more = more successful and pay for better equipment
Education

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4
Q

How do peers/family/friends affect participation

A

If parents played kids more likely to
Family support-financial, encouragement
Peers might influence your participation

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5
Q

How do cultural norms affect participation

A

Religious influences
Ethnicity
Holy days

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6
Q

How does leisure time affect participation

A

As older have less time for sport - work commitments

More time you have the more likely you are to take part

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7
Q

How does previous experience affect participation

A

School as a kid - opportunity

Positive past experience more likely to participate

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8
Q

How does age affect participation

A

Life long sports

Can have more experience

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9
Q

How does gender affect participation

A

Sexism
Less opportunities for women
Crèches

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10
Q

How does disability affect participation

A

Lack of facilities/coaches/ opportunity/equipment

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11
Q

How does media coverage affect participation

A

Women have significantly less coverage

Role models

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12
Q

3 common problems faced by minority’s groups in sport

A

Lack of opportunity
Lack of provision
Lack of esteem

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13
Q

Lack of opportunity examples

A

Opportunities to participate

Choice of activity

Time to play

Money to play

Suitable standard

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14
Q

Lack of provision examples

A

Costly

Sufficient space/facilities

Equipment

Social amenities

Coaching

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15
Q

Examples of lack of esteem

A

Self confidence

Low perceptions of others

Socialisation- status

Expectations

Respect

Fear of discrimination

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16
Q

Barriers preventing lower class participating in sport

A

Opportunity- less education, less coaches, can’t follow sport if no means of transport, less disposable income.

Provision- lack of clubs, lack of coaches, expenses of membership/facilities, overlooked(less power in decision making), lack of child care

Esteem- lack of confidence, self consciousness, poor health

17
Q

Barriers to women in sport (10)

A

Social and cultural barriers (women expected to stay at home care for children)

Role models(less)

Old fashioned myths(not as strong or fast or as capable)

Women’s own attitudes(appearing masculine/low self esteem)

Media coverage(5% and less role models)

Society’s perception of strength and contact sports(not feminine)

Rewards and sponsorship (less)

Lifestyle barriers (less free time, child care)

Coaching positions (92% M 8% F)

NGBs dominated by men

18
Q

Schemes to increase women’s participation

A

Sport England- Active Women projects

Breeze - riding bikes for fun
Back to Netball- try netball or re-engage with it
US Girls- in 50 disadvantaged areas to get girls into sport

19
Q

Why women are participating more now

A
More media coverage
More acceptance
More crèches
More disposable income
More role models
20
Q

Effect of disability on Participation in sport

A

Opportunity- less competitive clubs, chance of activity restricted, money (lower income)

Provision- reasonable cost, sufficient venue/facilities(accessible), lack of specialist equipment/coaching.

Self esteem- low self esteem, less confidence

21
Q

Advantages of inclusive sport (disability)

A
Equal status/opportunity 
No discrimination 
Wider range of sport
Some sports easily adapted
Increase awareness
22
Q

Disadvantages of inclusive sport (disability)

A
Unfair-able bodies may take over
Differences reinforced
Safety issues
Lack of equipment/facilities
Lack of challenge for able bodied
23
Q

Advantages of segregated sport (disability)

A

Fairer- disabled athletes more comfortable
Inclusion for all disabilities
Ability grouping
Coaching is easier
Increase self-esteem, enthusiasm and confidence

24
Q

Disadvantages of segregated sport (disability)

A

Highlights disabilities
Les competitiveness
Less awareness
Less media coverage

25
Q

Solutions to increase equality for people with disabilities

A

Funding
Suitable access to transport and accessible facilities
Increase media coverage and therefore role models
Education to dispel stereotypes and myths
Use of the inclusion spectrum

26
Q

Key parts of BAME barriers

A
Racism
Discrimination
Channelling
Stacking
Centrality
27
Q

Channelling is

A

The encouragement of some BAME participants towards sport rather than academia

28
Q

Stacking is

A

Disproportionate concentration of ethnic minorities in certain sports.

Stacking can be related to centrality where BAME are not concentrated to one sport but into specific positions.

29
Q

Centrality is

A

Being close to important decision making. The dominant group in society does the dominant role in a team or sport.