Fact Attack Glacier

Question 1

What was the time period for the Pleistocene?

Answer 1

2million - 11,500 years ago

Question 2

How many years ago was the quaternary period?

Answer 2

2.6 million years ago

Question 3

What are the 4 types of glacial environments?

Answer 3

Polar, Alpine, Glaciers, Periglacial

Question 4

Average annual polar temp

Answer 4

-30 to -40

Question 5

18,000 years ago was the last glacial maximum, what was its name?

Answer 5

Denvensian

Question 6

Last UK glacial advance

Answer 6

Loch lomand stadial

Question 7

When was the little ice age?

Answer 7

1550 -1750

Question 8

Over how many years does eccentricity change?

Answer 8

100,000

Question 9

Axial tilt varies by what degrees

Answer 9

21.8 - 24.4

Question 10

Over how many years does the earth wobble

Answer 10

21,000

Question 11

Average ice sheet size

Answer 11

10,000-100,000 sq I’m

Question 12

Surging glaciers can flow up to how fast today?

Answer 12

100m per day

Question 13

What percentage of all glaciers are in Antarctica

Answer 13

85%

Question 14

Greenland contains how much of worlds ice

Answer 14

11%

Question 15

Periglacial precipitation

Answer 15

600mm

Question 16

How long does soil have to remain below 0° to be considered permafrost?

Answer 16

2 years

Question 17

What percent of the earth experiences Periglacial conditions

Answer 17

20%

Question 18

What percent of land does contain sporadic permafrost?

Answer 18

Less than 50%

Question 19

What height can pingos reach

Answer 19

30 - 70 m

Question 20

Names of both types of pingo

Answer 20

Open system and closed system

Question 21

Ice wedge polygons found where?

Answer 21

Valley Floors

Question 22

What % of Canada has permafrost?

Answer 22

Over 50%

Question 23

What % of Alaska is covered by permafrost?

Answer 23

80%

Question 24

Blockfields found where in Canada?

Answer 24

Northern Matinobia

Question 25

The transformation from neve/firn to glacier ice can take up to how many vears in polar regions?

Answer 25

150 years

Question 26

The overall transformation of ice can take what time frame?

Answer 26

100-400 years

Question 27

The Greenland Ice Sheet covers how much of an area?

Answer 27

1.7 million km 2

Question 28

How thick is Greenland ice sheet in centre

Answer 28

3km

Question 29

What % of the world’s ice masses are experiencing ‘rising trends’ in their net negative balances?

Answer 29

75%

Question 30

Basal slip is divided into three processes, name them.

Answer 30

Creep/regelation, extending/compressional flow, surges

Question 31

What is formed on the top of a glacier through rotational ice movement?

Answer 31

Bergschrund

Question 32

Rock flour is made up of what grade size?

Answer 32

0.1mm

Question 33

Macro-scale landforms are how big?

Answer 33

1km or greater

Question 34

Micro-scale landforms are how small?

Answer 34

Less than 1m

Question 35

Material deposited underneath ice is known as what?

Answer 35

Till

Question 36

Till that is transported and deposited in a different geological area is known as a
what?

Answer 36

An erratic

Question 37

Name 4 moraine

Answer 37

Lateral, terminal, medial, recessional

Question 38

Drumlin shape?

Answer 38

Oval /egg

Question 39

erractic boulders transported by the Cordilleran Ice Sheet to the plains of lberta weigh up to how much?

Answer 39

16,000 tonnes

Question 40

Vhat are the two types of fluvio-glacial landforms?

Answer 40

Ice contact and pro glacial