Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

5th Oral Disease - Other > Facial Trauma > Flashcards

Facial Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

Common reasons to see facial trauma?

A

Occupational injuries
Interpersonal injuries - alcohol
Sports injuries
RTA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is ATLS?

A

Advanced trauma life support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why is ATLS used?

A

Allows to deal w/ multiple injuries and casualties

Deals w/ prioritisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What approach should be followed when assessing trauma pt?

A 
ABCDE
Airway
Breathing 
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What consider in airway maintenance?

A

How
Head tilt and chin lift
If concerned about c-spine injury = jaw thrust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How assess haemorrhage shock?

A

Blood loss in ml
Blood loss % of vol

Pulse rate
Blood pressure
Resp rate
Urinary output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is disability measured?

A

Glascow coma scale - based on movement, verbal and eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why might lose airway in OMFS situation?

A

Posteroinferior displacement of fractured maxilla = block nasopharyngeal airway
Bilateral fracture mandible - tongue obstruct nasopharynx
Haemorrhage of distinct vessels
Debris teeth, blood, dentures, vomit, bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What might see in soft tissue injuries?

A

Abrasions, lacerations, incisions and tissue loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What to be aware of with soft tissue injures?

A

Will scar - clean wound, remove foreign bodies, minimum debridement of tissue, re-align wound edge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What structure is highly aesthetic in regards to repair?

A

Vermillion border

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 3 phase of soft tissue healing?

A
  1. Haemostasis and inflammation
  2. Proliferation: angiogenesis, fibroplasia, epitheliasagtion and contraction of wound
  3. Maturation - reorganisation collagen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

4 stages of bony healing of fracture?

A

Haematoma - bleed into injury = clot
Fibrocartillage callus forms
Bony callus forms
Remodelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What problems can arise with bony healing?

A

Malunion - healed wrong place

Non-union

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Most common reason see mandibular fracture?

A

Violence > RTA > falls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Most common location to have mandibular fracture

A

Condyle = 30%

Body/ angle = 25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Least common place to get mandibular fracture?

A

Coronoid process

Ramus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is favourable vs unfavourable fracture?

A

Favourable - muscle draws bony fragments together

Unfavourable - fragments displaced by musculature forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What must all mandible fracture be?

A

Compound - all have communication w/ oral cavity via the PDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How diagnose mandible fracture?

A

Hx
Exam
Radiograph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Imaging of choice for mandibular fracture?

A

PA mandible
OPT
CT if condylar fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Signs/ symptoms mandible fracture

A 
Disturbed occlusion
Numbness/ altered sensation division IDN 
Swelling
Bruising
Trismus
Disturbed occlusion
AOB
Sublingual haematoma
Mobility of fracture
Mucosal tears
Lost/ displaced teeth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Types of mandible fracture (not location)?

A

Compound or closed
Comminuted - broken 2+ placed
Greenstick
Pathological

24
Q

What mandible fractures are closed?

A

Condyle

25
Q

Treatment options for mandible fracture?

A
  1. conservative
  2. closed reduction
  3. open reduction
  4. ORIF
26
Q

When can conservation tx be used for mandibular fracture?

A

Undisplaced fracture

27
Q

What is conservative tx?

A

Soft/ liquid diet

Review

28
Q

Indication of closed reduction?

A

Grossly comminuted fractures
Significant tissue loss
Fractures children
Condylar fracture

29
Q

What is closed reduction?

A

Intermaxillary fixation

30
Q

What can be used to do intermaxillary fixation?

A

Eyelet wires
Leonard buttons
Arch bars

31
Q

Adv and disadv of closed reduction for mandibular fracture?

A

Adv: simple, non-invasive, maintain blood supply

Disadv: oral intake, pt compliance, lack visualisation

32
Q

What is usually tx of choice for mandible fractures?

A

Open reduction

33
Q

Indications for open reduction in mandible fracture?

A

Displaced unfavourable fracture

Displaced bilateral condylar fracture

34
Q

Adv and disadv open reduction?

A

Adv: rigid stability, visualisation, accurate reduction, no fixation needed

Disadv: invasive, nerve damage, plate infection

35
Q

What is ORIF?

A

Open reduction and internal fixation

36
Q

What symptoms/signs may see with condylar fracture?

A

Gagging

AOB

37
Q

How dx zygoma fracture?

A

Hx, exam, radiograph

38
Q

Radiograph needed zygoma fracture?

A

Plain radiograph - occipital mental view

Complex = CT (esp midface/ orbital)

39
Q

Signs/ symptoms zygomatic fracture?

A 
Facial flattening
Periorbital haematoma
Pain, swelling, bruising, 
infra-orbital stepping
infra-orbital paraestheisa
trismus
subconjunctival haemorrhage 
Visual changes- diplopia 
Enophthalmos
40
Q

Tx of zygomatic fracture?

A

Ophthalmic assessment
May not require tx - asess
If tx - tx w/ or w/o fixation

41
Q

How treat minimally displaced zygoma fractures?

A

Elevate w/o fixation - Gillies approach

42
Q

How tx unstable zygoma fractures?

A

ORIF

43
Q

What might see in conjunction w/ orbital floor fractures?

A

Zygomatic fractures

44
Q

Dx orbital fractures?

A

Hx, exam, radiograph

45
Q

Radiograph for orbital fractures?

A

Occipital mental view

46
Q

What sign/ symptom orbital fractures?

A 
Globe/ soft tissue inuries
Visual changes - diplopia/ movements
Paraesthesia due nerve course
Retrobublar haemorrhage 
Raised intra-ocular pressure
Sub-conjuctival haemorrhage
Eye lid swelling
47
Q

How tx orbital fracture?

A

Surgery

48
Q

When immediate tx orbital fracture w/ surgery?

A

Globe injury

Retrobulbar haemorrhage

49
Q

When see mid face fracture?

A

Blunt force injury - not low impact injury

50
Q

How are mid face fracture classified?

A

Le Fort I
Le Fort II
Le Fort III

51
Q

What is LeFort I?

A

Horizontal fracture of maxilla

52
Q

What is LeFort II?

A

Pyramidal fracture - involve nasal-orbital-ethmoid area

53
Q

What is LeFort III

A

Transverse fracture

Involves zygomatic arch and lateral orbital wall

54
Q

How would someone with mid-face fracture present?

A 
Classic facial appearance
Step deformities
AOB
Sulcus haematoma
Midline palatal split
Deranged occlsion
Bruising soft palate
Mobile maxilla
55
Q

What might see if nasal fractures?

A

Nasal deformity
Bilateral panda eyes
Epistaxis
CSF leak

5th Oral Disease - Other (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions