face and cranial muscles

Question 1

Front belly of occipitofrontalis

Answer 1

PA: epicranial aponeurosis
DA: skin and subcutaneous tissue of eyebrows and forehead
NI: facial nerve (7) via its temporal branch
MA: elevates eyebrows an wrinkles skin on forehead; protracts scalp)

Question 2

occipital belly of Occipitofrontalis

Answer 2

PA: lateral 2/3 of superior nuchal line
DA: epicranial aponerurosis
NI: facial nerve (7) via its posterior auricular branch
MA: retracts scalp; increasing effectiveness of frontal belly

Question 3

Orbicularis Oculi
(orbital sphincter)

Answer 3

PA: medial orbital margin; ,adial palpebral ligament; lacrimal bone
DA: skin around margin of orbit; superior and inferior tarsal plates
NI: facial nerve (7) via its temporal and zygomatic branches
MA: close eyelids palpebral part does so gently orbital part more tightly

Question 4

Corrugator supercilii

Answer 4

PA: medial end of superciliary arch
DA: skin superior to middle of supraorbital margin and superciliary arch
NI: facial nerve(7)
MA: draws eyebrows medially and inferiorly, creating vertical wrinkles above nose

Question 5

procerus plus
transverse part of nasalis

Answer 5

PA: fascia aponerurosis covering nasal bone and lateral nasal cartilage
DA: skin of inferior forehead, between eyebrows
NI: facial nerve (7)
MA: depresses medial end of eyebrow; wrinkles skin over dorsum of nose (conveying disdain or dislike)

Question 6

Alar part of nasalis plus
Levator Labii Superiorsis Alaeque nasii (LLSAN)
little laddies snore all night

Answer 6

PA:
DA:
NI: facial nerve (7)
MA: depresses ala laterally, dilating anterior nasal aperture (flaring nostrils)

Question 7

Orbicularis Oris
(oral sphincter)

Answer 7

PA:
DA:
NI: facial nerve (7)
MA: Tonus closes oral fissure; phasic contraction compresses and protrudes lips (kissing) or resists distention (when blowing)

Question 8

Levator Labii Superioris

Answer 8

PA:
DA:
NI: facial nerve (7)
MA: part of dilators of mouth; retract (elevate) and/or revert upper lip; deepen nasolabial sulcus (showing sadness)

Question 9

zygomaticus minor

Answer 9

PA:
DA:
NI: facial nerve (7)
MA: part of dilators of mouth; retract (elevate) and/or revert upper lip; deepen nasolabial sulcus (showing sadness)

Question 10

Zygomaticus major

Answer 10

PA:
DA:
NI: facial nerve (7)
MA: part of dilators of mouth; elevate labial commissure bilaterally to smile; unilaterally to sneer

Question 11

Buccinator

Answer 11

PA:
DA:
NI: facial nerve (7)
MA: presses cheek against molar teeth; works with tongue to keep food between occlusal surfaces and out of oral vestibule; resist distention (when blowing)

Question 12

Levator Anguli Oris

Answer 12

PA:
DA:
NI: facial nerve (7)
MA: part of dilators of mouth; widens oral fissure, as when grinning or grimacing

Question 13

Risorius

Answer 13

PA:
DA:
NI: facial nerve (7)
MA: part of dilators of mouth; depresses labial commissure bilaterally to frown

Question 14

Depressor Anguli Oris

Answer 14

PA:
DA:
NI: facial nerve (7)
MA: part of dilators of mouth; depresses labial bilaterally commissure to frown

Question 15

Depressor Labii Inferioris

Answer 15

PA:
DA:
NI: facial nerve (7)
MA: Part of dilators of mouth; retracts (depresses) and/or everts lower lip (pouting)

Question 16

Mentalis

Answer 16

PA:
DA:
NI: facial nerve (7)
MA: elevates and protrudes lower lip; elevates skin of chin (showing doubt)

Question 17

Platysma

Answer 17

PA:
DA:
NI: facial nerve (7)
MA: Depresses mandible (against resistance) tenses skin of inferior face and neck (conveying tension or stress)