Face Flashcards
Where do the majority of the facial muscles insert
The skin
What nerve is damaged in Bells Palsy/what type of disorder is it
and what structures are affected
Lower motor neuron disorder of facial nerve VII causing unilateral analysis of all facial muscles on one side, inability to close the eye, loss of taste to the anterior tongue, pain in/behind the ear, and hyperacousia
Upper motor neuron lesions of CN VII
Upper motor neuron is damaged usually during a cortical stroke, and the lower face is paralyzed but the upper facial muscles are unaffected.
What arteries branch off the arch of the aorta
Brachiocephalic trunk(right common carotid)
Left common carotid
Left subclavian
What does the common carotid branch to
The internal and external carotid arteries
What does the internal carotid artery do
It and the vertebral artery supply the brain
What does the external carotid artery branch to
- Superior thyroid
- Ascending pharyngeal
- Lingual
- Facial
- Occipital
- Posterior auricular
- Superficial temporal
- Maxillary
What are the two arteries that supply the face primarily
The facial artery and the superficial temporal arteries
What are the branches of the facial artery
Superior and inferior facial arteries(this is where you take the facial pulse) and the angular artery
Where does the superficial temporal artey arise
Anterior to the external auditory meatus and deep to the parotid
What branch comes off the superficial temporal artery and where does it lie
The transverse facial artery and it lies above the parotid duct
Where does the vertebral artery pass and what does it supply
Through the foramena transversaria of C1-C6 and it supplies the brain stem and spinal chord
What does the internal carotid artery branch to
To the brain and the ophthalmic artery and branches of the ophthalmic supply the face for head and nasal cavity
What are the branches of the internal carotid to the face from the ophthalmic artery
2 of them
- Supraorbital artery- to the scalp above the orbit (more lateral)
- Supratrochelear artery- on the medial side of the supraorbital artery above the trochlea (more medial)
What is the venous drainage of the face
They follow the arteries
Interesting note about the facial veins
Supraorbital and supratrochlear
Also facial vein
Facial veins have no valves and there are extensive anastomoses between the branches of the facial and ophthalmic veins of the face have low pressure and no valves so infections can spread through the veins to the cavernous sinus.
Clinical sign is DIPLOPIA or blurred vision
Cranial nerve 1
Olfactory nerve
Cranial nerve II
Optic nerve
CN III
Oculomotor (eye movement)
CN IV
Trochlear (eye movement)
CN V
Trigeminal (touch general sensation to skin, oral cavity, nasal cavity, and more)
CN VI
Abducens (eye movement)
CN VII
Facial (muscle of facial expression and alot more)
CN VIII
Vestibulo-chochlear (hearing and balance)
CN IX
Glossopharyngeal (sensory to pharynx and more)
