Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Somatic motor nerve definition

Answer 1

Voluntary skeletal muscles that are derived from somites

Question 2

Somatic sensory nerve definition

Answer 2

Precise sensation to skin, joints, muscle, tendon receptors

Question 3

Visceral motor nerve definition (efferent)

Answer 3

Autonomic- smooth miscles (arrector pillae) blood vessels, secremotor to glands

Question 4

Visceral sensory

Answer 4

Imprecise sensation from gut, blood vessels, glands, internal organs

Question 5

Special sense nerves

Answer 5

Hearing, vision, balance

Question 6

Chemical sense nerves

Answer 6

Taste and smell

Question 7

Brachiomotor

Answer 7

Voluntary skeletal muscles from bronchial arches

Question 8

Somatic nervous system definition

Answer 8

Voluntary conscious part of the nervous system

Question 9

Where would you find somatic motor muscles in the head

Answer 9

Eye muscles and muscles of the tongue

Question 10

What are the somatic sensory innervation in the head

Answer 10

Mostly CN V providing precise sensation

Question 11

Autonomic (visceral) nervous system definition

Answer 11

Involuntary and unconscious part of the nervous system

Question 12

What do visceral motor nerves control

Answer 12

Smooth cardiac muscle, glands and internal organs

Question 13

What do visceral sensory nerves innervate

Answer 13

Sensory nerve supply to the internal organs, blood vessels and are imprecise in their sensation

Question 14

Which nerves supply the muscles that develop front he preotic somites

Answer 14

III-oculomotor
IV-trochlear
VI-abducens

Question 15

Which cranial nerves supply the muscles that develop from the occipital somites

Answer 15

XII-hypoglossal nerve

Question 16

What are some of the complications from bells palsy as it pertains to the ear and why

Answer 16

They complain of earaches because There is a density of sensory innervation surrounding the ear. Most of the face is V, but VII, IX, and X also exit from or around the ear

Question 17

What is the “dorsal root ganglion” of the trigeminal nerve called

Answer 17

The trigeminal (semilunar) ganglion

Question 18

Where would you find the cell bodies of the sensory neurons for the facial nerve

Answer 18

The genicular ganglion

Question 19

What is unique about visceral motor nerves pathways

Answer 19

Ther area 2 neuron pathways consisting of a preganglionic neuron whose cell body is in the CNS and whose axon synapses with autonomic ganglion. From the autonomic ganglion the second neuron axon travels to the target organ

Question 20

Where are sympathetic ganglia typically found

Answer 20

Ganglia close to the vertebrae

Question 21

Where are parasympathetic ganglia typically found

Answer 21

Ganglia are typically found close to the target organ

Question 22

Where do sympathetic nerves exit

Answer 22

They come from he spinal chord at thoracic and lumbar levels and they can either ascend or descend

Question 23

Describe the path sympathetic chain ganglion take to their target int he thorax and abdomen

Answer 23

They leave the spinal chord, enter a postganglionic neuron to then go to an effector (target organ)

Question 24

Describe he sympathetic nerve supply to the heads path

Answer 24

Preganglionic neuron in the spinal chord at T1/T2- leaves and spends the sympathetic chain

Question 25

Where do sympathetic neurons go once they exit the spinal chord

Answer 25

The preganglionic neuron synapses with the superior cervical ganglion where it then goes to join the plexus on the internal and external plexus in unnamed branches

Question 26

Parasympathetics in CN | Where does cranial nerve III exit the spinal chord and where does it go

Answer 26

Exits from the midbrain, synapses with the ciliary ganglion, and goes tot he sphincter pupilae and the ciliary muscles

Question 27

Parasympathetics in CN | Where does cranial nerve VII exit the brain stem, what is its ganglion, and where does it go

Answer 27

Exits from the medulla, synapses with the ptergopalatine ganglion, and then gone tot he lacrimal glands, mucous glands of the oral and nasal cavities and the palate And the submandibular ganglion which then goes to the submandibular and sublingual gland

Question 28

Parasympathetics in CN | Where does CN IX exit the brain stem, what is its ganglion, and what does it supply

Answer 28

Exits front he medulla, synapses with the optic ganglion, and supplies the parotid gland

Question 29

Parasympathetic in CN | Where does CN X exit the brains stem and where does it go in the body

Answer 29

Medulla and heart, lungs, the gut proximal tot the left colic flexure, and the kidney

Question 30

What cranial nerve''S visceral sensory portion supplies the nasopharynx

Answer 30

CN VII

Question 31

What cranial nerve's visceral sensory portion supplies the oropharynx

Answer 31

CN IX

Question 32

What cranial nerve's visceral sensory portion supplies the laryngopharynx

Answer 32

CN X

Question 33

What cranial nerve goes to the eye

Answer 33

CN II, the optic nerve

Question 34

What cranial nerve goes to the chochlea and semilunar canals/ what is it responsible for there

Answer 34

CN VII-the vestibulochochlear nerve, and it is responsible for hearing an balance respectively

Question 35

What nerve is responsible for the sense of smell

Answer 35

CN I, the olfactory nerve

Question 36

What cranial nerves are responsible for your sense of tease

Answer 36

VII- anterior 2/3 oft he tongue IX- posterior 1/3 of the tongue X- anterior to the epiglottis

Question 37

What are the 5 cranial nerves that are branchiomotor, and which arch do they develop fromm

Answer 37

``` 1st- trigeminal (V) 2nd- facial (VII) 3rd- glossopharyngeal (IX) 4th- vagus (X) 6th- accessory (XI) ```

Question 38

What does the trigeminal-branchiomotor innervate

Answer 38

Masseter, temporalis, lat/med pterygoid, tensor tympani (dampen sound), tensor palati, mylohyoid, anterior belly of the digastric

Question 39

What does the CN VII-branchimotor innervate

Answer 39

Muscles of facial expression, stapedius(dampen sound), stylohyoid posterior belly

Question 40

CN IX&X branchiomotor innervation

Answer 40

X=most muscles of the soft palate test by saying ahhh, larynx, pharynx IX= stylopharyngeus