Face Flashcards
Pretremantric branch to frontonasal prominence
CN V1 -opthalmic division of trigeminal nerve
what primordia are the muscles of facial expression derived from?
myoblasts assoc. w/ 2nd pharyngeal arch
why are muscles of facial expression innervated by CNVII, nerve of 2nd arch?
myoblasts migrate into the face (1st arch territory), drag innervation w/ them
2 foramina in zygomatic bone
- zygomaticofacial foramen
2. zygomaticotemporal foramen - located on deep surface of zygomatic bone
innervation of muscles of facial expression
CN VII - facial
orbicularis oculi
circular muscle surrounding eye; closes eyelid
zygomaticus major
attaches to corner of mouth; produces smile
orbicularis oris
circular muscle surrounding mouth; closes mouth
buccinator
muscle of cheek; used when blowing and chewing
frontalis
muscle of forehead
additional muscles of 2nd arch
platysma, posterior digastric, stylohyoid
sensory innervation of face
CN V - trigeminal nerve
where are afferent fibers cell bodies for CN V?
sensory ganglion (trigeminal or semilumnar ganglion)
Which foramina in cranial fossa do the branches of CN V pass through
V1- superior orbital fissure
V2 - foramen rotundum
V3 - foramen ovale
branches of CNV1 that innervate skin of the face (inferior –> superior)
- external nasal n. –> skin on bridge of nose
- infratrochlear n. –> skin on medial corner of eye + bridge of nose
- lacrimal n. –> skin on lateral corner of eye
- supratrochlear n.–> skin of forehead
- supraorbital n. –> skin of forehead
branches of CNV2 that innervate the face (inferior –> superior)
- infraorbital n.
- zygomaticofacial n.
- zygomaticotemporal n.
branches of CNV3 that innervate the face (inferomedial –> superolateral)
innervation of “beard-like” portion of skin
- mental
- buccal
- auricular temporal
major source of blood supply to face
facial artery (branch of ECA)
branches of the facial artery (inferior –> superior)
- inferior labial a.
- superior labial a.
- septal branch (source of nose bleeds)
- angular a. (terminates near medial corner of eye)
arteries that supply the face other than facial + facial branches
- transverse facial (branch of superficial temporal)
- supraorbital and supratrochlear a. (branches of opthalmic a.)
- infraorbital + mental a. (branches of maxillary a.)
branches of internal carotid artery that supply the face
internal carotid a. –> opthalmic a. –> supraorbital + supratrochlear
branches of maxillary a. that supply the face
infraorbital a. and mental a.
venous drainage of the face ultimately drains into ____
IJV - branches prior have same names as arteries
supraorbital v. and supratrochlear v. drain into ____
opthalmic vein
facial veins merge with ____ b/f draining into IJV
retromandibular vein
where does the parotid gland empty?
into oral cavity opposite to 2nd upper molar tooth
what is the parotid sheath that surrounds the parotid gland made of?
investing fascia
location of parotid gland
Superficial part: anterior and inferior to ear
Deep part: b/t mastoid process and ramus of mandible
course of parotid duct
traverses face on surface of masseter muscle –> pierces buccinator –> empties into oral cavity opposite to 2nd upper molar
what three important structures pass through the parotid gland?
- facial nerve
- external carotid artery
- retromandibular vein
how/where does CN VII exit the skull?
travels along internal acoustic meatus –> exits through stylomastoid foramen
Motor branches of facial nerve go to what muscles?
- occipitalis
- posterior digastric
- stylohyoid
5 terminal branches of the facial nerve (superior –> inferior)
TO ZANZIBAR BY MOTORCAR
- temporal
- zygomatic
- buccal
- marginal mandibular
- cervical
retromandibular vein is formed by the junction of ____ and _____
superficial and maxillary veins
what area does the retromandibular vein drain?
scalp and deep face
sensory innervation of parotid gland
auriculotemporal nerve (branch of CN V3)
secretomotor innervation of parotid gland - parasymp, symp, or both?
both!
parasymp innervation for parotid gland
CN IX - glossopharyngeal –> otic ganglion –> postganglionic parasymps in auriculotemporal nerve
symp innervation for parotid gland
postganglionic (cell bodies where in superior cervical ganglion) –> external carotid n. and plexus
5 layers of scalp
S- skin C- connective tissue A- aponeurosis L - loose CT P - periosteum
in which layer of the scalp are the vessels and nerves found?
connective tissue
in which layer of the scalp is the occipitalfrontalis muscle?
aponeurosis
which layer allows the scalp to move freely over the calvaria?
loose CT
occipitofrontalis muscle
two bellies: frontal is and occipitals
action: moves scalp, frontalis wrinkles forehead
innervation of occipitofrontalis
CN VII (it is a muscle of facial expression)
blood supply of anterior scalp
supraorbital and supratrochlear a. (ICA –> opthalmic a. –> supraorbital + supratrochlear)
blood supply to lateral scalp
superficial temporal (terminal branch of ECA) posterior auricular a. (small branch of ECA)
blood supply to posterior scalp
occipital artery (branch of ECA)
veins from scalp
travel w/ and have same name as arteries
why do scalp lesions bleed so much?
blood vessels are in dense CT –> can’t constrict when cut
why don’t lesions superficial to layer 3 gape open?
aponeurosis beneath holds them together
sensory innervation to anterior scalp
CNV1 branches - supraorbital and supratrochlear
sensory innervation to lateral scalp
spinal nerves -
- zygomaticotemporal (CN V2 branch) –> small area lateral to eye
- auriculotemporal (CN V3 branch) –> majority of skin of lateral scalp
- lesser occipital n.
sensory innervation to posterior scalp
branches of cervical spinal nerve C2 + C3
