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Mod 6 > Fabrics > Flashcards

Fabrics Flashcards

1
Q

What should be done before applying any fabric to an aircraft?

A

Inspect the structure and fit any internal parts such as control cables or fuel tanks.

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2
Q

What are the materials used for fabrics on aircraft?

A 
The fabric
Tapes- repairs and chafing mainly
Thread
Stringing
Eyeleted fuselage webbing
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3
Q

How should fabrics be stored?

A

In clean, dry conditions, out of sunlight and kept at 20C

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4
Q

How is the wood protected from the dope adhering to it?

A

Adhesive cellulose
Aluminium tape
Dope resistant white paint

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5
Q

How are fabrics attached to aircraft with a tubular metal fuselage?

A

Longitudinal members connected to the wooden formers

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6
Q

What tape is used to protect against chafing and stringing?

A

Cotton tape over the wood.

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7
Q

What are the two methods of covering fabrics?

A

Prefabricated envelopes

Blanket

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8
Q

How does the prefabricated envelopes method work?

A

The fabric is manufactured so the envelope of fabric slips over the area being cover, loosely until the fabric is doped to tightly cover the area.

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9
Q

How does the blanket method work?

A

Lengths or multiple connected lengthsof fabric are made on site to cover the aircraft.
Either doped or hand sown to complete the covering

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10
Q

What are the hand sown stitches, used and when are they used?

A

Herringbone (baseball)- repair
Boot- repair
Overhand and lockstitch- trailing edge, wing tips, wing roots.

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11
Q

What are the two seams used on aircraft?

A 
Balloon seam(french fell)
Lap seam
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12
Q

What is a balloon seam?

A

The fabric is folded back on itself and machine sewn.

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13
Q

When should a lap seam be used?

A

At the manufactures request

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14
Q

When can fabric covering NOT be parallel to the bias or fore and aft line of the aircraft?

A

Trailing edges

Leading edges

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15
Q

What should be applied to non-waxed needles when hand sewing?

A

Beeswax

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16
Q

What are the main knots for stringing?

A

Boom stringing

Splice knot

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17
Q

What is boom stringing?

A

Cotton tape is used to cover the top bottom and rib booms, then the fabric is stitched to the cotton tape and doped.

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18
Q

What can happen if there is too much tension on the fabric?

A

The ribs can be distorted

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19
Q

What is the slipstream area for propellers and multiple engines?

A

Propeller- diameter of prop plus on rib either side

Multi engined- entire gap between slip steams

20
Q

What are some other methods of attaching fabrics?

A 
Strips
Special stringing
Adhesive
Plywood
Metal
21
Q

Where are drainage holes positioned?

A

At the bottom

22
Q

What are drainage eyelets?

A

Circular shapes doped into the fabric that open up for drainage

23
Q

What are shielded eyelets?

A

Drainage eyelets with a shroud to ensure they are positioned right. An be used to stop sea spray and can only be put on certain places

24
Q

What are the three methods of inspection panels for fabrics?

A

Wooden frames
Zip panels
Spring panels

25
Q

How are wooden frames used for inspection?

A

Patches of fabric on wooden frames are cut off to inspect the inside, however it must be repaired after inspection

26
Q

How are zip panels used?

A

Two zip fastener are sewn into the fabric in the shape of a vee. This allows easy access for inspecting often, but be careful not to clog the zips.

27
Q

How are spring panels used for inspections?

A

Doped plastic rings are used like springs to release them and open the panel. Suitable for light aircraft only

28
Q

What should be done before repairing fabric damage?

A

Find the cause for the damage

29
Q

What are the main methods for repairing cuts and tears?

A 
Herringbone stitch
Wooden frames
Darning
Insertion
Boot stitch
Alternative insertion repair
30
Q

What is darning, and what are the limits of damage it can be used on?

A

No more than 50mm holes

Serrated fabric patches are put over the damage with the stitching following the warp and weft.

31
Q

When would insertion fabric repairs be done?

A

For damage over 100 mm

32
Q

How is the alternative insertion method different?

A

The stitching is done along folded edges with the edges doped down.

33
Q

What are the different tests and testers for fabrics?

A

Maule tester
Seyboth tester
Bursting strength test
Lab test

34
Q

What are the 2 main types of man made fabrics?

A

Glass fibre

Polyester fibre

35
Q

Why are fabrics doped?

A

Waterproofing
Air proofing
Tautening of natural fabrics
Lightproofing

36
Q

What is dope?

A

A number of resins mixed in a solvent with plasticiser, pigments, and colour

37
Q

What can happen to dope over time?

A

It becomes acidic

38
Q

Why is dope proof paint used?

A

To resist the solvent nature that softens normal paints

39
Q

Why is aluminium dope used?

A

To make the fabric lightproof and to protect it from uv radiation.

40
Q

What else could be used in conjunction with dopes for fabrics?

A

Thinners
Fungicides
Cleaning agent

41
Q

What are the safety precautions for dope?

A

Low flash point and dense vapour
Ignites easily from static
Fumes from solvent

42
Q

What sort of conditions are needed when doping?

A

Maintain a suitable airflow
Maintain a suitable temperature (21C-26C)
Around 45-50% humidity
Everything should be clean.

43
Q

What should be done before applying dope?

A

Inspection of the fabric and structure

Mixing of the dope, keeping to the conditions required.

44
Q

What are the stages of applying dope to natural fabrics?

A 
Apply the primer layer
Apply drainage grommets and eyelets after an hour
Filling coats
Cross coat of aluminium dope
Finishing coats
45
Q

How are dopes applied to man made fibres?

A

Priming coat
Filling coat
Finishing coat

46
Q

What should be considered with doped fabric aircraft?

A

Check the weight of the aircraft and keep it in tolerance
When the aircraft is recovered and re doped, weigh it again
After recovering, check the static balancing.

Mod 6 (8 decks)

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