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IAC 3 > FA Tox > Flashcards

FA Tox Flashcards

1
Q

Coffee senna

A

Skeletal muscle in cattle
Cardiac muscle in chickens and goats
Liver in horses

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2
Q

Twin-leaf senna

A

Cardiac muscle in goats and chickens

Maybe also skeletal muscle in cows?

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3
Q

Lindheimer’s senna

A

Skeletal muscle in cattle

Cardiac muscle in chickens and goats

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4
Q

Rayless Goldenrod

A

Skeletal muscle (trembles)

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5
Q

White snake root

A

Skeletal muscle (trembles) in goats

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6
Q

Vitamin E and Se

A

Skeletal muscle (acute or chronic)

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7
Q

Clostridium

A

Skeletal muscle

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8
Q

Ionophores

A

Cardiac muscle in cows

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9
Q

Oleander

A

Cardiac muscle in cows and horses, sudden death

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10
Q

Cottonseed

A

Cardiac muscle (mono gastric) or repro (adult cows)

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11
Q

Yew

A

Cardiac muscle mainly in horses

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12
Q

Lupines (blue bonnets)

A

Teratogen (malformations)

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13
Q

Poison hemlock

A

Teratogen (malformations, death, dystocia) and CNS

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14
Q

False hellebore, skunk cabbage

A

Teratogen (cyclops and weird face bones)

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15
Q

Singletary pea

A

Teratogen and spinal (rear ataxia and paralysis)

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16
Q

Tree tobacco (nightshade)

A

Teratogen and CNS

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17
Q

Lead

A

CNS in cows > horses (central blindness, head pressing) and GI

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18
Q

Salt poisoning/water deprivation

A

CNS and GI

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19
Q

Organophosphates

A

CNS (muscarinic and nicotinic) and GI

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20
Q

Silver leaf nightshade

A

CNS and GI in cows and horses

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21
Q

Black nightshade

A

CNS and GI

Solanum ptycantum = in TX, okay
Solanum nigrum = not in TX, dangerous

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22
Q

Buffalo bur (nightshade)

A

CNS (SLUDGE) and GI

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23
Q

Horse nettle (nightshade)

A

CNS and GI

western = crazy cow syndrome 
Carolina = more toxic to cows
24
Q

Texas Bull Nettle (nightshade)

A

Not toxic (irritation only)

25
Q

Jimsonweed, thornapple

A

CNS (atropine-like effects) and GI

26
Q

Texas, Ohio, red buckeye

A

CNS and GI (colic in horses)

27
Q

Berlandier lobelia

28
Q

Claviceps (dallisgrass, Bermuda grass, Bahia)

A

CNS (tremorgenic mycotoxin = dallisgrass tremors)

29
Q

Coyotillo

A

Spinal (dog sitting)

30
Q

Black Locust

A

Spinal (posterior paralysis)

31
Q

Hairy/Warty Caltrops

A

Spinal (weakness in hindend, posterior paralysis)

32
Q

Peavine Emory Loco

A

Spinal (rear ataxia and paralysis) in ruminants

33
Q

Arsenic (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, burned/painted wood)

A

Rapid severe GI (also liver and kidneys) and CNS

34
Q

Pokeweed, pokeberry

A

GI (all species but esp rooting pigs)

35
Q

Oak

A

GI (constipation) and kidney (red urine) in cows and horses

36
Q

Buttercup

A

GI (ulcers)

37
Q

Hairy vetch

A

GI and CNS (seeds) and skin (photosensitization in black animals)

38
Q

St John’s wort

A

Primary Photosensitization

39
Q

Bishops weed, Greater Ammi

A

Primary Photosensitization

40
Q

Dutchman’s Breeches, Texas desert-rue

A

Primary Photosensitization

41
Q

Lantana

A

Secondary photosensitization

42
Q

Kochia weed, Mexican fire weed

A

Secondary photosensitization, sudden death (nitrate accumulator)

43
Q

Goat head, puncture vine

A

Secondary photosensitization

44
Q

Klinegrass

A

Secondary photosensitization (not in cows)

45
Q

Milkweed, antelope horn, horsetail

A

Sudden death (cardiac glycosides)

46
Q

Cocklebur

A

Sudden death (liver damage and hypoglycemia)

47
Q

Wild plum, cherries, peaches

A

Sudden death (Cyanide)

48
Q

Pigweed, carelessweed

A

Sudden death (nitrate accumulator)

49
Q

Johnsongrass (sorghum forage)

A

Sudden death (nitrate and cyanide/Prussic acid accumulation)

Other sorghum forages (haygrazer, Sudan, Niki stubble) also cause cyanide and nitrate toxicity

50
Q

Mountain mahogany

A

Sudden death (cyanide)

51
Q

Water hemlock

A

Sudden death (muscle tremors due to toxic Alcohols)

52
Q

Sweetclover

A

Sudden death (mycotoxin that affects vitamin K coagulation factors)

53
Q

Sennabean, bag-pod Sesbania

A

Sudden death

54
Q

Brackenfern

A

Sudden death (hemorrhage,tumors)

55
Q

Blue green algae

A

Sudden death (neuro and liver toxins)

56
Q

Castor bean

A

Sudden death (inhibits ribosomal protein synthesis)

IAC 3 (6 decks)

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