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anatomy > FA/Hand muscles > Flashcards

FA/Hand muscles Flashcards

Origin/Insertion

1
Q

superficial anterior muscles (4)

A

pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longis
flexor carpi ulnaris

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2
Q

intermediate anterior (1)

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

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3
Q

deep anterior (3)

A

flexor digitorum profundus
flexor pollicis longis
pronator quadratis

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4
Q

pronator teres

A

(o) medial epicondyle & coronoid process (ulna)
(i) lateral radius
(inn) median n (6/7)
(act) forearm pronation & weak elbow flexion

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5
Q

flexor carpi radialis

A

(o) medial epicondyle
(i) base of 2nd metacarpal
(inn) median n (7/8)
(act) wrist flexion & radial deviation

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6
Q

palmaris longus

A

(o) medial epicondyle
(i) palmar aponeurosis
(inn) median n (7/8)
(act) weak elbow flexion; wrist flexion (tightens aponeurosis)

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7
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

A

(o) medial epicondyle; olecranon (ulna)
(i) pisiform; hook of hamate; base of 5th metacarpal
(inn) ULNAR n (C7-T1)
(act) wrist flexion and ulnar deviation

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8
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis

A

(o) medial epicondyle; coronoid process of ulna; upper 1/2 anterior border of radius
(i) SIDES of middle phalanges (2-5 digits)
(inn) median n (C8/T1)
(act) weak flexion of elbow; flexion @ wrist, MCP, PIP joints of digits 2-5

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9
Q

flexor digitorum profundus

A

(o) ulna (proximal 2/3rd flexor surface); interosseous membrane
(i) Distal phalanges (palmar surface) digits 2-5
(inn)
median n (C8/T1)= radial 1/2 (index+middle)
ulnar n (C8,T1)= ulnar 1/2 (ring+pinky)
(act) flexion of wrist, MCP, PIP, DIP joints (digits 2-5)

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10
Q

flexor pollicis longus

A

(o) radius (middle anterior surface); interosseous membrane
(i) distal phalanx of THUMB (palmar surface)
(inn) median n (C8/T1)- ANT. INTEROSSEOUS
(act) wrist flexion and radial deviation; flexion of carpometacarpal joint of thumb; flexion of MCP + IP joints of thumb

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11
Q

pronator quadratus

A

(o) distal anterior 1/4 of ulna
(i) distal anterior 1/4 of radius
(inn) median n (C8/T1)
(act) hand pronation & stabilization of the distal radioulnar joint

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12
Q

superficial posterior muscles

A

extensor digitorum
extensor digiti minimi
extensor carpi ulnaris

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13
Q

deep posterior muscles

A

supinator
abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
extensor pollicis longus
extensor indicis

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14
Q

radialis group (posterior muscles)

A

brachioradialis
extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis

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15
Q

extensor digitorum

A

(o) lateral epicondyle
(i) dorsal digital expansion (digits 2-5)
(inn) radial n (7/8)
(act) wrist extension MCP, PIP, DCP joints digits 2-5; extension/abduction of 5th (pinky)

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16
Q

extensor digiti minimi

A

(o) lateral epicondyle
(i) dorsal digital expansion of 5th digit (pinky)
(inn) radial n (7/8)
(act) wrist extension; ulnar abduction of hand MCP, PIP, DIP joints of 5th digit; 5th digit extension + abduction

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17
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris

A

(o) lateral epicondyle
(i) base of 5th metacarpal
(inn) radial n (7/8)
(act) wrist extension; ulnar deviation

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18
Q

supinator

A

(o) olecranon; lateral epicondyle; radial collateral ligament; annular ligament of radius
(i) radius (btw rad tuberosity + insertion of pronator teres)
(inn) radial n (6/7)
(act) supination of radioulnar joints

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19
Q

abductor pollicis longus

A

(o) radius + ulna (interosseous membrane)
(i) base of 1st metacarpal (thumb)
(inn) radial n (7/8)
(act) abduction of hand @ radiocarpal joint; extension at carpometacarpal + MCP joints of thumb

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20
Q

extensor pollicis brevis

A

(o) radius (post surface) + interosseous membrane
(i) base of proximal phalanx of thumb
(inn) radial n (7/8)
(act) radial deviation of hand @ radiocarpal joint; extension carpometacarpal and MCP joints of the thumb

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21
Q

extensor pollicis longus

A

(o) ulnar (post surface)+ interosseous membrane
(i) base of distal phalanx of thumb
(inn) radial n (7/8)
(act) wrist extension and radial deviation of hand; adduction @ carpometacarpal joint; extension @ MCP and IP joints

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22
Q

extensor indicis

A

(o) ulnar (post surface) + interosseous membrane
(i) posterior digital extension of 2nd digit
(inn) radial n (7/8)
(act) wrist extension; extension of MCP, PIP, DIP joints of 2nd digit

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23
Q

brachioradialis

A

(o) distal humerus (lateral surface); lateral intermuscular septum
(i) styloid process of radius
(inn) radial n (5/6)
(act) elbow flexion; forearm semi-supination

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24
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus

A

(o) lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus; lateral intermuscular septum
(i) 2nd metacarpal (base)
(inn) radial n (5/6)
(act) weak elbow flexion; wrist extension + abduction

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25
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

(o) lateral epicondyle
(i) 3rd metacarpal (base)
(inn) radial n (7/8)
(act) weak elbow flexion; wrist extension + abduction

26
Q

thenar muscles (4)

A

adductor pollicis
abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis (superficial and deep head)
opponens pollicis

27
Q

what intrinsic hand muscle has a superficial and deep head and where do they originate?

A

flexor pollicis brevis
- superficial head= flexor retinaculum
- deep head= capitate + trapezium

28
Q

hypothenar muscles (3; technically 4 total)

A

opponens digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi brevis
abductor digiti minimi
- palmaris brevis

29
Q

metacarpal muscles (3)

A

lumbrical (4 muscles)
dorsal interossei (4 muscles)
palmar interossei (3 muscles)

30
Q

dorsal interossei generally _(AB/ADD)__ the ______ joint

A

dorsal interossei ABDUCT the MCP joint

31
Q

palmar interossei generally _(AB/ADD)__ the ______ joint

A

palmar interossei generally ADDUCT the MCP joint

32
Q

why does the 3rd digit (middle finger) NOT have palmar interossei muscle attachment?

A

the 3rd digit (middle finger) is the midline for finger adduction/abduction; therefore it is already in the “adducted” position

33
Q

adductor pollicis (2 heads)

A

o)
transverse head: 3rd metacarpal (palmar surface)
oblique head: capitate, base of 2nd + 3rd metacarpal
i) thumb (base of proximal phalanx) via ulnar sesamoid
inn) ulnar n (C8,T1)
act) adduction of CMC joint of thumb; flex of thumb MCP joint

34
Q

abductor pollicis brevis

A

o) scaphoid; trapezium; flexor retinaculum
i) thumb (base of proximal phalanx) via radial sesamoid
inn) median n (C8,T1)
act) abduction of CMC joint of thumb

35
Q

flexor pollicis brevis (2 heads)

A

o)
superficial head: flexor retinaculum
deep head: capitate + trapezium
i) thumb (base of proximal phalanx) via radial sesamoid
inn)
superficial head: median n (C8,T1)
deep head: ulnar n (C8,T1)
act) flexion of CMC joint of thumb

36
Q

opponens pollicis

A

o) trapezium
i) 1st metacarpal (radial border)
inn) median n (C8, T1)
act) opposition at CMC joint of thumb

37
Q

opponens digiti minimi

A

o) hook of hamate; flexor retinaculum
i) 5th metacarpal (ulna border)
inn) ulnar n (C8,T1)
act) opposition- draws metacarpal in palmar direction

38
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

o) hook of hamate; flexor retinaculum
i) 5th proximal phalanx (base)
inn) ulnar n (C8,T1)
act) flexion of pinky MCP joint

39
Q

abductor digiti minimi

A

o) pisiform bone
i) 5th proximal phalanx (ulnar base) + dorsal digital expansion of 5th digit
inn) ulnar n (C8,T1)
act) flexion and abduction of pinky MCP joint; extension of pinky PIP and DIP joints

40
Q

palmaris brevis

A

o) palmar aponeurosis (ulnar border)
i) skin of hypothenar eminence
inn) ulnar n (C8,T1)
act) tightens the palmar aponeurosis (protective function)

… this action sounds similar to what forearm muscle?

41
Q

lumbricals (1 and 2)

A

o) TENDONS of flexor digitorum produndus- radial sides
i) 2nd and 3rd digit
inn) median n (C8,T1)
act)
2nd- 5th digits:
MCP joint flexion; extension at the proximal and distal IP joints of 2nd to 5th digits

42
Q

lumbricals (3 and 4)

A

o) TENDONS of flexor digitorum produndus- medial and lateral sides
i) 4th and 5th digit
inn) ulnar n (C8,T1)
act)
2nd- 5th digits:
MCP joint flexion; extension at the proximal and distal IP joints

43
Q

dorsal interossei (1st)

A

o) 1st and 2nd metacarpals (adj sides, 2 heads)
i) 2nd digit; 2nd proximal phalanx (radial side)
inn) ulnar n (C8,T1)
act)
2nd-4th digits:
MCP joint flexion; extension and abduction at proximal and distal IP joints FROM 3RD digit (away from middle finger)

44
Q

dorsal interossei (2nd)

A

o) 2nd and 3rd metacarpals (adj sides, 2 heads)
i) 3rd digit; 3rd proximal phalanx (radial side)
inn) ulnar n (C8,T1)
act)
2nd-4th digits:
MCP joint flexion; extension and abduction at proximal and distal IP joints FROM 3RD digit (away from middle finger)

45
Q

dorsal interossei (3rd)

A

o) 3rd and 4th metacarpals (adj sides, 2 heads)
i) 3rd digit; 3rd proximal phalanx (ULNAR side)
inn) ulnar n (C8,T1)
act)
2nd-4th digits:
MCP joint flexion; extension and abduction at proximal and distal IP joints FROM 3RD digit (away from middle finger)

46
Q

dorsal interossei (4th)

A

o) 4th and 5th metacarpals (adj sides, 2 heads)
i) 4th digit; 4th proximal phalanx (ULNAR side)
inn) ulnar n (C8,T1)
act)
2nd-4th digits:
MCP joint flexion; extension and abduction at proximal and distal IP joints FROM 3RD digit (away from middle finger)

47
Q

palmar interossei (1st)

A

o) 2nd metacarpal (ulnar side)
i) 2nd digit; 2nd proximal phalanx (base)
inn) ulnar n (C8,T1)
act)
2nd/4th/5th digits:
MCP joint flexion; extension and adduction TOWARD 3rd digit (fingers move towards middle finger)

48
Q

palmar interossei (2nd)

A

o) 4th metacarpal (radial side)
i) 4th digit; 4th proximal phalanx (base)
inn) ulnar n (C8,T1)
act)
2nd/4th/5th digits:
MCP joint flexion; extension and adduction TOWARD 3rd digit (fingers move towards middle finger)

49
Q

palmar interossei (3rd)

A

o) 5th metacarpal (radial side)
i) 5th digit; 5th proximal phalanx (base)
inn) ulnar n (C8,T1)
act)
2nd/4th/5th digits:
MCP joint flexion; extension and adduction TOWARD 3rd digit (fingers move towards middle finger)

50
Q

what forearm muscles originate in the interosseous membrane?

A
  • flexor digitorum profundus
  • flexor pollicis longus
  • abductor pollicis longus
  • extensor pollicis longus
  • extensor pollicis longus
  • extensor indicis
51
Q

what is another term for wrist abduction? wrist adduction?

A

wrist abduction (or abduction of the radiocarpal joint)= radial deviation

wrist adduction= ulnar deviation

52
Q

what muscles cause radial deviation?

A

flexor carpi radialis
flexor pollicis longus
abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
extensor pollicis longus
extensor carpi radialis (longus+brevis)

53
Q

what muscles cause ulnar deviation?

A

flexor carpi ulnaris
extensor carpi ulnaris

54
Q

what are the muscles of the anterior forearm innervated by ulnar n. (2 ms)

A

flexor carpi ulnaris
flexor digitorum profundus (ulnar 1/2- ring + pinky finger)

55
Q

what muscles originate at the medial epicondyle?

A

pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris
flexor digitorum superficialis

56
Q

what muscles originate at the lateral epicondyle?

A

extensor digitorum
extensor digiti minimi
extensor carpi ulnaris
supinator
extensor carpi radialis brevis

57
Q

the posterior forearm muscles are innervated by what nerve?

A

radial n (C5-T1)

58
Q

the nerve branch that innervates the THENAR muscles are…. (be specific, what branch of what major nerve)

A

Median recurrent n.

59
Q

the _____________ tendon runs between the 2 heads of the flexor pollicis brevis

A

flexor pollicis longus

60
Q
A

anatomy (6 decks)

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