f5 chap 3: nutrition in plants

Question 1

what are two types of nutrients?

Answer 1

macronutrients & micronutrients

Question 2

list all the macronutrients

Answer 2

carbon, calcium, hydrogen, magnesium, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, sulphur, potassium (CHONSP CaM K)

Question 3

list all the micronutrients

Answer 3

chlorine, zince, iron, copper, magnesium, nickel, boron, molybdenum (CuZIMB MaCN)

Question 4

function of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen in plant?

Answer 4

important components in carbon cycle and oxygen cycle

Question 5

effect of deficiency of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen in plant?

Answer 5

photosynthesis wont occur, less o2 released by plants, stunted growth

Question 6

function of nitrogen in plant?

Answer 6

gives the green colour to plants through the formation of
chlorophyll

Question 7

effect of deficiency of nitrogen in plant?

Answer 7

leaves under chlorosis, stunted growth, protein synthesis disrupted, underlying leaves fall off

Question 8

function of potassium in plants?

Answer 8

maintains plant turgidity, Important in protein synthesis and
carbohydrate metabolism, acts as cofactors for some enzymes

Question 9

effect of deficiency of potassium in plant?

Answer 9

Protein synthesis disrupted, premature death of plant, edges of plants become yellowish

Question 10

function of calcium in plants?

Answer 10

main component of middle lamella, cell wall and spindle
fibres during cell division

Question 11

effect of deficiency of calcium in plant?

Answer 11

stunted growth, Leaves become distorted and lobed, parts between leaf veins become yellowish

Question 12

function of magnesium in plants?

Answer 12

Activates some plant enzymes, Involved in carbohydrate metabolism, main component of structure of chlorophyll molecule

Question 13

effect of deficiency of magnesium in plant?

Answer 13

Red spots on leaf surfaces, Lobed leaves, parts between matured leaf veins become yellowish

Question 14

function of phosphorus in plants?

Answer 14

Act as coenzymes in photosynthesis and respiration, synthesises nucleic acid, ATP, and phospholipids in plasma membrane

Question 15

effect of deficiency of phosphorus in plant?

Answer 15

Unhealthy root growth, Formation of dark green and dull
coloured leaves, red or purple spots appear on older leaves

Question 16

function of sulphur in plants?

Answer 16

components of a few amino acids, one of vitamin B constituents and a few types of coenzymes

Question 17

effect of deficiency of sulphur in plant?

Answer 17

Leaves or the whole plant turns yellow

Question 18

a plant has all:
* Leaves undergo chlorosis
mainly on matured leaves
* Underlying leaves fall off
* Protein synthesis disrupted
* Stunted growth

what macronutrient is thsis plant lacking in?

Answer 18

nitrogen

Question 19

function of chlorine in plants?

Answer 19

important in the equilibrium of osmotic pressure in cells and
photosynthesis reaction

Question 20

effect of deficiency of chlorine?

Answer 20

Plants wilt, Slower root growth, leaves undergoes chlorosis, lesser fruits production

Question 21

function of iron in plants?

Answer 21

Important in the growth of young plants, acts as cofactor in chlorophyll synthesis

Question 22

effect of deficiency of iron in plants ?

Answer 22

Young leaves become yellowish

Question 23

function of manganese in plants?

Answer 23

Activates photosynthetic enzymes, important for cell respiration, and nitrogen metabolism

Question 24

effect of deficiency of manganese in plants?

Answer 24

Light brown or grey spots in between leaf veins, network of dark green leaf veins w background of light green

Question 25

function of boron in plants?

Answer 25

Helps the roots in calcium ion uptake and sucrose translocation, involved in carbohydrate metabolism and helps germination of pollen

Question 26

effect of deficiency of boron in plants?

Answer 26

death of terminal buds and abnormal growth, leaves become thicker, rolled up and fragile

Question 27

function of zinc in plants?

Answer 27

Important in leaf formation, synthesis of auxin, acts as a cofactor in carbohydrate metabolism

Question 28

effect of deficiency of zinc in plants?

Answer 28

Stunted growth, leaf surfaces become spotted with chlorosis parts

Question 29

function of copper in plants?

Answer 29

Involved in nitrogen metabolism and photosynthesis, important for growth, reproduction and flower formation

Question 30

effect of deficiency of copper in plants?

Answer 30

Death of young shoot apex, brown spots on terminal leaves, plants become stunted

Question 31

function of nickel in plants?

Answer 31

component of plant enzymes involved in the breakdown of urea
to become ammonia which can be used by plants

Question 32

effect of deficiency of nickel in plants?

Answer 32

Stunted growth, reduces crop production, burnt effect at end of leaves due to urea accumulation

Question 33

function of molybdenum in plants?

Answer 33

Involves in nitrogen fixation and nitrate reduction during protein
synthesis

Question 34

effect of deficiency of molybdenum in plants?

Answer 34

Reduces crop production, stunted growth, chlorosis in between matured leaf veins, leaf colour becomes pale green, reduces crop production

Question 35

what does complete Knop’s culture solution consist of?

Answer 35

calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulphate, iron (iii) phosphate, distilled water (CnPnPdpI3p, H2O)

Question 36

two main functions of roots?

Answer 36

Provide support and strength to anchor the plant in the soil, Absorb water and mineral salts from the soil and transport them to the stem and leaves

Question 37

3 structures of roots?

Answer 37

root collar, root hairs, root cap

Question 38

function of root collar?

Answer 38

Part of the root connected to the base of the plant stem

Question 39

function of root hairs

Answer 39

Increases the total surface area of the roots to increase the uptake of water and mineral salts

Question 40

function of root cap

Answer 40

protects root from damage when going through soil

Question 41

how does nitrogen give green colour to plants

Answer 41

through formation of chlorophyll

Question 42

what macronutrients are components in all organic compunds of plants and important components in synthesis of sugar?

Answer 42

oxygen, carbon, hydrogen

Question 43

which nutrient is the main component of proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes in photosynthesis and respiration?

Answer 43

nitrogen