Eysenck

Question 1

Typology

Answer 1

a method of classifying behavior through the use of continuous, highly abstract concepts (types) that encompass clusters of correlated traits.

Question 2

How did Eysenck define personality?

Answer 2

as the relatively enduring organization of a person’s character, temperament, intellect, and physique which determines his/her unique adjustment to the environment.

Question 3

What are Eysenck’s three measures of personality?

Answer 3

1. Extraversion
2. Neuroticism
3. Psychoticism

Question 4

Extroversion

Answer 4

individuals who have a outgoing sociable approach to life

Question 5

Neuroticism

Answer 5

emotionally unstable people.

Neurotics have lower thresholds for activity in the visceral brain and greater responsivity of the sympathetic nervous system (division of the autonomic nervous system that mobilizes the bodies for sources or action). Therefore, neurotics overreact to even mild forms of stimulation.

Question 6

Psychoticism

Answer 6

individuals with severe disorders: they may be cruel , inhumane, hostile, egocentric, yet creative

Question 7

What do geniuses and psychotics have in common

Answer 7

geniuses and psychotics of have the ability to think along many different paths, to consider alternatives not ordinarily considered trying to solve problems (divergent thinking);

they both have in common a lack of serotonin and an exodus of dopamine that, in excessive amounts, can reduce cognitive inhibitions.

Question 8

What did Eysenck observe about introverts and extroverts?

Answer 8

Extroverts, he believed, possess a relatively strong inhibitory processes and weak excitatory processes. Introverts, by contrast, possess strong excitatory processes and weak inhibitory processes.

Question 9

Arousal theory

Answer 9

an attempt to explain behavioral differences in terms of the interaction between inherited levels of nervous system arousal and levels of environmental stimulation.

Question 10

The ascending reticular activating system (A RAS)

Answer 10

is part of the central nervous system located in the lower brainstem; it is involved in the arousal of the cerebral cortex.

Question 11

extroverts

Answer 11

have lower innate levels of arousal and are less responsive to stimulation. What this means is that extroverts are stimulus hungry. extroverts preferred open , noisy places to study. lemon juice placed on the tongue of an extrovert produces relatively little saliva.

Question 12

introverts

Answer 12

have higher innate levels of arousal and are more sensitive to stimulation. This means that introverts are stimulus shy. Introverts are more likely to use study booths and take few study breaks ,A drop of lemon juice placed upon the tongue of an introvert produces copious amounts of saliva,

Question 13

Do Twins share personality traits and what did Eysenck use that to explain?

Answer 13

That there is a strong genetic basis of personality across the three main personality metrics.

he also felt intelligence was largely genetic.

Question 14

Counterconditioning

Answer 14

procedure in which a conditioned response (CR) is weakened by associating the stimulus (CS) that evokes it with a new response that is antagonistic (incompatible) with the CR.

Question 15

Modeling

Answer 15

demonstration of behavior by one person so that another person can imitate it.

Question 16

Flooding

Answer 16

form of behavior therapy in which the client is exposed to the most intense stimuli that evoke fear, typically for prolonged periods of time, in an effort to extinguish it.

Question 17

Systematic desensitization

Answer 17

technique designed to reduce the strong anxieties associated with various stimuli; the client is gradually exposed to them and, at each level in the anxiety hierarchy, learns new responses through counter conditioning.