Eyes Flashcards
The nurse is performing an external eye examination. Which statement regarding the outer layer of the eye is true?
A. The outer layer of the eye is very sensitive to touch.
B. The outer layer of the eye is darkly pigmented to prevent light from reflecting internally.
C. The trigeminal (CN V) and the trochlear (CN IV) nerves are stimulated when the outer surface of the eye is stimulated.
D. The visual receptive layer of the eye in which light waves are changed into nerve impulses is located in the outer layer of the eye.
A. The outer later of the eye is sensitive to touch
The nurse is reviewing causes of increased intraocular pressure. Which of these factors determines intraocular pressure?
A. Amount of aqueous produced and resistance to its outflow at the angle of the anterior chamber
B. Posterior chamber as it accommodates an increase in fluid
C. Contraction of the ciliary body in response to the aqueous within the eye
D. Thickness or bulging of the lens
A. The amount of aqueous produced and resistance to outflow
Which of these assessment findings would the nurse expect to see when examining the eyes of a black patient? A. A dark retinal background B. Increased photosensitivity C. Increased night vision D. Narrowed palpebral fissures
A. A dark retinal background
When performing the corneal light reflex assessment, the nurse notes that the light is reflected at 2 o’clock in each eye. The nurse should:
A. consider this a normal finding.
B. perform the confrontation test to validate the findings.
C. refer the individual for further evaluation.
D. document this as an asymmetric light reflex.
A. Consider this a normal finding
When assessing the pupillary light reflex, the nurse should use which technique?
A. Ask the patient to follow the penlight in eight directions and observe for bilateral pupil constriction.
B. Shine a penlight from directly in front of the patient and inspect for pupillary constriction.
C. Ask the patient to focus on a distant object. Then ask the patient to follow the penlight to about 7 cm from the nose.
D. Shine a light across the pupil from the side and observe for direct and consensual pupillary constriction.
D. Shine a light across the pupil from the side and observe for direct and consensual pupillary constriction
In a patient who has anisocoria, the nurse would expect to observe: A. excessive tearing. B. pupils of unequal size. C. dilated pupils. D. an uneven curvature of the lens.
B. Pupils of unequal size
When performing the corneal light reflex assessment, the nurse notes that the light is reflected at 2 o’clock in each eye. The nurse should:
A. document this as an asymmetric light reflex.
B. refer the individual for further evaluation.
C. perform the confrontation test to validate the findings.
D. consider this a normal finding.
D. Consider this a normal finding
During an assessment of the sclera of an African-American patient, the nurse would consider which of these an expected finding?
A. The presence of small brown macules on the sclera
B. Yellow color of the sclera that extends up to the iris
C. Pallor near the outer canthus of the lower lid
D. Yellow fatty deposits over the cornea
A. The presence of small brown macules on the sclera
When assessing the pupillary light reflex, the nurse should use which technique?
A. Shine a penlight from directly in front of the patient and inspect for pupillary constriction.
B. Shine a light across the pupil from the side and observe for direct and consensual pupillary constriction.
C. Ask the patient to follow the penlight in eight directions and observe for bilateral pupil constriction.
D. Ask the patient to focus on a distant object. Then ask the patient to follow the penlight to about 7 cm from the nose
B. Shine a light across the pupil from the side and observe for direct and consensual pupillary constriction
The nurse is performing an eye assessment on an 80 year old patient. Which of these findings in considered abnormal?
A. Decrease in tear production
B. Unequal pupillary constriction in response to light
C. The presence of arcus senilis seen around the cornea
D. Loss of outer hair on the eyebrows due to decreased hair follicles
B. Unequal pupillary constriction in response to light
The nurse notices the presence of peri orbital edema when performing an eye assessment on a 70 yr old patient. The nurse should:
A. Check for the presence of exophthalmos
B. Suspect the patient has hyperthyroidism
C. Ask the patient if he or she has a history of heart failure
D. Assess for blepharitis bc this is often associated with peri orbital edema
C. Ask the patient if he or she has a history of heart failure
A pt comes to the ER after a boxing match, and his left eye is almost swollen shut. He has bruises on his face and neck. He says he is worried bc he can’t see well from his left eye. The physician suspects retinal damage. The nurse recognizes that signs of retinal detachment include:
A. Loss of central vision.
B. Shadow or dismissed vision in one quadrant or one half of the visual field.
C. Loss of peripheral vision
D. Sudden loss of pupillary constriction and accommodation
B. Shadow or dismissed vision in one quadrant or one half of the visual field.
In a patient who has anisocoria, the nurse would expect to observe: A. excessive tearing. B. pupils of unequal size. C. dilated pupils. D. an uneven curvature of the lens.
B. pupils of unequal size
When performing the corneal light reflex assessment, the nurse notes that the light is reflected at 2 o’clock in each eye. The nurse should:
A. consider this a normal finding.
B. perform the confrontation test to validate the findings.
C. refer the individual for further evaluation.
D. document this as an asymmetric light reflex.
A. Consider this a normal finding
the exposed part of the eye has a transparent protective covering which is the __.
conjunctiva
the _____ provides constant irrigation to keep the conjunctiva and cornea moist and lubricated..
lacrimal apparatus
movement of the extraocular muscles is stimulated by 3 cranial nerves which are?
3,4,6
cranial nerve___ is for vision
2
in older adults, the most common caus of decreased visual functioning are:
- cataract formation or lens opacity
- glaucoma or increased intraocular pressure
- macuar degeneration or the breakdown of cells in the macula of the retina
____ are common with myopia or after middle age due to condensed vitreous fibers. significant?
floaters
usually not significant but acute onset of floaters occurs with retinal detachment
halos around the eyes occurs with
acute narrow-angle glaucoma
a blind spot surrounded by an area of normal or decreased vision occurs with glaucoma, with optic nerve disorders
scotoma
night blindness occurs with
optic atrophy
glaucoma
vit a defincieny
deviation in the axis of the eye
strabismus
perception of two images off a single object
diplopia
the ____ is the most commonly used and accurate measure of visual acuity.
snellen eye chart.
if the patient wears glasses or contacts, what should you do when assessing snellen eye chart exam?
keep them on unless they are reading glasses. reading glasses will blur the distant vision
“OU”
both eyes
“OD”
right eye
“OS”
left eye
snellen eye chart results is NOT a percentage instead the top number means ____ and the bottom number means___.
the distance the person is standing from the chart
the distance at which a normal eye could have read that particular line.
the larger the denominator, the _____.
poorer the vision
the decrease in power of accomodation with aging, is suggested when the person moves the card farther.
presbyopia
for a person older than 40 yrs or for those who report increasing difficulty reading, ____
test near vision with a handheld vision screener with various sizes of print (Jaeger card). hold the card in good light about 14 in from the eye.
